Hot and Cold Spot Areas of Household Tuberculosis Transmission in Southern China: Effects of Socio-Economic Status and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genotypes

Cui, Zhezhe; Lin, Dingwen; Chongsuvivatwong, Virasakdi; Graviss, Edward A.; Chaiprasert, Angkana; Palittapongarnpim, Prasit; Lin, Min; Ou, Jing-Hsiung; Zhao, Jinming

doi:10.3390/ijerph16101863

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(47 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global concern because of its high infectivity, mortality, and cost of therapy. In addition, the patients´ families are confronted with extra social and clinical burdens associated with TB disease [ 9 ]. There is an increasing awareness of the problem LTBI poses to HHCs and therefore the need to protect such at-risk groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent tuberculosis among household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Nairobi, Kenya

Odera¹,

Mureithi²,

Aballa³

et al. 2020

Pan Afr Med J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Household Contacts (HHCs) of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients have a higher risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, its prevalence and risk factors among adults living with PTB patients are poorly documented in Kenya. Objective to determine the prevalence and risk factors for LTBI among adult HHCs of PTB patients in Kenya. Methods this was an analytical cross-sectional study of HHCs of PTB patients in Nairobi, Kenya. Socio-demographic data was captured on questionnaires and blood samples drawn for Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) quantification. Univariate and multivariate analyses using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) was used to determine the prevalence of LTBI and risk factors at 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Results a total of 166 PTB patients yielded 175 HHCs of whom 29.7% (52/125) were males and 70.3% (123/125) were females. A majority of HHCs [65.7% (115/175)] lived in a single-room house with the patient and [37.7% (66/175)] were in the age group 30-39-years. The overall prevalence of LTBI was 55.7%, peaking among spouses of the patients [70.0% (14/20) and the 30-39 year age group [63.5% (42/66)]. Potential risk factors for LTBI included cohabiting with a PTB patient for 8 to 12 weeks [OR = 3.6 (0.70-18.5), p = 0.107], being a spouse of the patient [OR = 2.0 (0.72-5.47), p = 0.173] and sharing a single room with the patient [OR = 1.58 (0.84 - 2.97), p = 0.158]. Conclusion the high prevalence of LTBI among adult HHCs of PTB patients in this population demonstrates the need for targeted contact-screening programs in high TB transmission settings.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent tuberculosis among household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Nairobi, Kenya

Odera¹,

Mureithi²,

Aballa³

et al. 2020

Pan Afr Med J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, due to the obvious imbalance of the ethnicity and economic levels between cold and hot spots, the variables of ethnicity and income are not comparable. [ 20 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis between the host environment and highly mutated genes from population genetic structure comparison

Cui

Chang

et al. 2021

Medicine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We aimed to investigate the genetic and demographic differences and interactions between areas where observed genomic variations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M. tb) were distributed uniformly in cold and hot spots. The cold and hot spot areas were identified using the reported incidence of TB over the previous 5 years. Whole genome sequencing was performed on 291 M. tb isolates between January and June 2018. Analysis of molecular variance and a multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) model was applied to test gene-gene-environment interactions. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed to test the extent to which genetic mutation affects the TB epidemic using a multivariate logistic regression model. The percentage of the Beijing family strain in hot spots was significantly higher than that in cold spots (64.63% vs 50.69%, P = .022), among the elderly, people with a low BMI, and those having a history of contact with a TB patient (all P < .05). Individuals from cold spot areas had a higher frequency of out-of-town traveling ( P < .05). The mutation of Rv1186c, Rv3900c, Rv1508c, Rv0210, and an Intergenic Region (SNP site: 3847237) showed a significant difference between cold and hot spots. ( P < .001). The MDR model displayed a clear negative interaction effect of age groups with BMI (interaction entropy: −3.55%) and mutation of Rv0210 (interaction entropy: −2.39%). Through the mutations of Rv0210 and BMI had a low independent effect (interaction entropy: −1.46%). Our data suggests a statistically significant role of age, BMI and the polymorphisms of Rv0210 genes in the transmission and development of M. tb . The results provide clues for the study of susceptibility genes of M. tb in different populations. The characteristic strains showed a local epidemic. Strengthening genotype monitoring of strains in various regions can be used as an early warning signal of epidemic spillover.

show abstract

“…Thus, the SNPs distance between the two strains would become larger. Our study also performed contact tracing among included cases [39]. The results showed that the detection rate of TB in household contacts was very low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The geno-spatio analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in hot and cold spots of Guangxi, China

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: At present, there are few studies on polymorphism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) gene and how it affects the TB epidemic. This study aimed to document the differences of polymorphisms between tuberculosis hot and cold spot areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Methods: The cold and hot spot areas, each with 3 counties, had been pre-identified by TB incidence for 5 years from the surveillance database. Whole genome sequencing analysis was performed on all sputum Mtb isolates from the detected cases during January and June 2018. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of each isolate compared to the H37Rv strain were called and used for lineage and sub-lineage identification. Pairwise SNP differences between every pair of isolates were computed. Analyses of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) across counties of the same hot or cold spot area and between the two areas were performed. Results: As a whole, 59.8% (57.7% sub-lineage 2.2 and 2.1% sub-lineage 2.1) and 39.8% (17.8% sub-lineage 4.4, 6.5% sub-lineage 4.2 and 15.5% sub-lineage 4.5) of the Mtb strains were Lineage 2 and Lineage 4 respectively. The percentages of sub-lineage 2.2 (Beijing family strains) are significantly higher in hot spots. Through the MDS dimension reduction, the genomic population structure in the three hot spot counties is significantly different from those three cold spot counties (T-test p = 0.05). The median of SNPs distances among Mtb isolates in cold spots was greater than that in hot spots (897 vs 746, Rank-sum test p < 0.001). Three genomic clusters, each with genomic distance ≤12 SNPs, were identified with 2, 3 and 4 consanguineous strains. Two clusters were from hot spots and one was from cold spots. Conclusion: Narrower genotype diversity in the hot area may indicate higher transmissibility of the Mtb strains in the area compared to those in the cold spot area.

show abstract

Hot and Cold Spot Areas of Household Tuberculosis Transmission in Southern China: Effects of Socio-Economic Status and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genotypes

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Latent tuberculosis among household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Nairobi, Kenya

Latent tuberculosis among household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Nairobi, Kenya

Interaction analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis between the host environment and highly mutated genes from population genetic structure comparison

The geno-spatio analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in hot and cold spots of Guangxi, China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About