Hot Gas Conditioning: Recent Progress with Larger-Scale Biomass Gasification Systems; Update and Summary of Recent Progress

Stevens, Don J.

doi:10.2172/786288

Cited by 131 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Particulates are defined as inorganic mineral material, ash, and unconverted biomass or char [24]. In addition, bed material from the gasifier is included in the particulates.…”

Section: Syngas Cleaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Techno-Economic Analysis of Biofuels Production Based on Gasification

Swanson¹,

Platon²,

Satrio³

et al. 2010

131

151

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Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 10% post consumer waste.iii ForewordThe purpose of this techno-economic analysis is to compare a set of biofuel conversion technologies selected for their promise and near-term technical viability. Every effort is made to make this comparison on an equivalent basis using common assumptions. The process design and parameter value choices underlying this analysis are based on public domain literature only. For these reasons, these results are not indicative of potential performance, but are meant to represent the most likely performance given the current state of public knowledge. iv List of Acronyms Executive SummaryThis study compares capital and production costs of two biomass-to-liquid production plants based on gasification. The goal is to produce liquid transportation fuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis with electricity as a co-product. The biorefineries are fed by 2,000 metric tons per day of corn stover. The first biorefinery scenario is an oxygen-fed, low-temperature (870°C), nonslagging, fluidized bed gasifier. The second scenario is an oxygen-fed, high-temperature (1,300°C), slagging, entrained flow gasifier. Both are followed by catalytic Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and hydroprocessing to naphtha-range (gasoline blend stock) and distillate-range (diesel blend stock) liquid fractions. (Hydroprocessing is a set of refinery processes that removes impurities and breaks down large molecules to fractions suitable for use in commercial formulations.)Process modeling software (Aspen Plus) is utilized to organize the mass and energy streams and cost estimation software is used to generate equipment costs. Economic analysis is performed to estimate the capital investment and operating costs. A 20-year discounted cash flow rate of return analysis is developed to estimate a fuel product value (PV) at a net present value of zero with 10% internal rate of return. All costs are adjusted to the year 2007. The technology is limited to commercial technology available for implementation in the next 5-8 years, and as a result, the process design is restricted to available rather than projected data.Results show that the total capital investment required for n th plant scenarios is $610 million and $500 million for high-temperature and low-temperature scenarios, respectively. PV for the hightemperature and low-temperature scenarios is estimated to be $4.30 and $4.80 per gallon of gasoline equivalent (GGE), respectively, based on a feedstock cost of $75 per dry short ton. The main reason for a difference in PV between the scenarios is because of a higher carbon efficiency and subsequent higher fuel yield for the high-temperature scenario. Sensitivity analysis is also performed on process and economic parameters. This analysis shows that total capital investment and feedstock cost are among the most influential parameters affecting the PV, while least influential parameters include per-pass Fischer-Tropsch-reaction-conversion extent, inlet feedstock moisture, and ...

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“…Particulates are defined as inorganic mineral material, ash, and unconverted biomass or char [24]. In addition, bed material from the gasifier is included in the particulates.…”

Section: Syngas Cleaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Switchgrass feedstock typically has 10% inorganic material in the form of minerals. Many gasifiers operate with a 98%-99% carbon conversion efficiency where 1%-2% of the solid carbon is in the form of char [24].…”

Section: Syngas Cleaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of Biofuels Production Based on Gasification

Swanson¹,

Platon²,

Satrio³

et al. 2010

131

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The function of the next block is to simulate carbon conversion by separating out a specified portion of the carbon from the fuel. Reported carbon conversion for CFB gasifiers in the literature ranged from 90 to 99% [29][30][31][32]. Before this carbon can be mixed with the gas downstream it must be brought up to the gasifier temperature, which is accomplished using the block entitled 'HEATER'.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of air preheating in a biomass CFB gasifier using ASPEN Plus simulation

Doherty¹,

Reynolds²,

Kennedy³

2009

Biomass and Bioenergy

259

113

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“…Within such a processing step particles (e.g. inorganic mineral materials, ash and unconverted biomass) are removed using electrostatic processes, washing processes with water or special solvents, or separation steps using fabric filters (Stevens, 2001;Hasler and Nussbaumer, 1999;Simell et al, 1996;Cui et al, 2010). The tar fraction can be removed by washing with water or oil solvents and/or by catalytic respectively.…”

Section: Biomass-to-liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%