High-efficiency Yb:Y 2 O 3 laser ceramics were fabricated using the vacuumsintering plus hot isostatic pressing (HIP) without sintering additives. Highpurity well-dispersed nanocrystalline Yb:Y 2 O 3 powder was synthesized using a modified co-precipitation method in-house. The green bodies were first vacuum sintered at a temperature as low as 1430 • C and then HIPed at 1450 • C. Finally, the samples were air annealed at 800 • C for 10 h. Although no sintering aids were used, full density of the samples with excellent optical homogeneity and an inline transmission of 80% at 400 nm could be obtained. Moreover, photodarkening phenomenon was not detected in the ceramics. Preliminary laser experiment with the fabricated ceramics in a two-mirror cavity has demonstrated 32 W continuous-wave (CW) output at ∼1077 nm with an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 58.2%. To the best of our knowledge, this is so far the highest CW output power and optical-to-optical conversion efficiency achieved with the Yb 3+doped sesquioxide ceramics in a simple two-mirror cavity.