Hot zones formation during regeneration of diesel particulate filters

Chen, Kai; Martirosyan, Karen S.; Luss, Dan

doi:10.1002/aic.12266

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The second wave front starts from the third section of the filter, further downstream than the first wave front, and moves upstream, namely, opposite to the exhaust gas flow. The same observation was also reported by Martirosyan et al, 14 Chen et al, 26 and Chen and Luss. 27…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Investigation of the effect of biodiesel blends on the performance of a fuel additive-assisted diesel filter system

Tziourtzioumis

Stamatelos

2014

International Journal of Engine Research

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The results of full-scale regeneration tests with a unit silicon carbide diesel particulate filter installed on a single-cylinder diesel engine are presented. Two sets of transient regeneration experiments, one for each fuel used, with high level of exhaust gas flow rate (normalized per filter volume) and markedly different levels of soot loading were performed. The test fuels were conventional diesel (denoted as B0) and B20 biodiesel blend. The effect of the biodiesel on filter regeneration was further investigated by means of infrared thermography. The main objective was to investigate the catalytic soot ignition and regeneration propagation when the engine is fueled by biodiesel blends. Special focus was on the temperature distribution across the filter channels and the evolution of the regeneration at the central and peripheral part of the filter. The results indicated a faster evolution of the regeneration with lower overall filter wall temperatures with favorable effects on the filter durability, when the engine is fueled by B20.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Investigation of the effect of biodiesel blends on the performance of a fuel additive-assisted diesel filter system

Tziourtzioumis

Stamatelos

2014

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…The same observation was also reported by Chen K., Martirosyan, K.S. and Luss D. [144,154,155]. Furthermore, maximum filer central and peripheral wall temperatures of 502 o C and 492 o C respectively are reported at 160 s. It is obvious that there is no significant delay between the onset of regeneration at the central and peripheral channels.…”

Section: Transient Regeneration Experimentssupporting

confidence: 85%

Experimental investigation of the steady state and transient operation of diesel engines fuelled by high percentage biodiesel blends

Tziourtzioumis¹,

Τζιουρτζιούμης²

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In Greece, biodiesel, in the form of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), is produced since 2005 andcurrently mixed in the Diesel fuel at about 5.5% vol., this percentage being slowly but steadily increasing.The production capacity of existing biodiesel factories in Greece can supply the required quantities toincrease the biodiesel blending percentage up to 15%, provided that the necessary vegetable oil andrecycled oil quantities should become available and prices be favorable. According to Greek legislation, atleast 30% of the raw material must be domestically produced. This need is covered mainly by recycledcooking oils and only secondarily by energy crops in Northern Greece. The production of biodiesel fromlocal factories in Greece was regulated by means of distributing an annual quantity of biodiesel among thefactories, based on an algorithm that is modified every year. Automotive manufacturers allow running ofmodern diesel powered passenger cars on blends of biodiesel up to B20‐B30, provided that certainadditional maintenance measures are taken, including more frequent fuel and oil filter changes, along withinspection of engine oil level and the fuel lines and injection system components for possible leaks. In orderto ensure customer’s acceptance, standardization and quality assurance are key factors for the marketintroduction of biodiesel as transport fuel. This PhD thesis examines the effect of biodiesel fuel onperformance, efficiency, emissions and injection system durability of conventional and modern Dieselengines under steady state and transient operating conditions.These include a better understanding of the engine ECU operation with a high biodiesel (FAME) blend inmodern common‐rail injection Diesel engine, the study of the biodiesel combustion analyzing the capturedindicator graphs, the investigation of the filter regeneration behavior by means of the infraredthermography on a small filter module and in‐house computational tool and the study of biodieselatomization and injection characteristics by means of the Laser Doppler Velocimetry technique.In the first part of the Thesis, a better understanding of the engine ECU operation with a high biodiesel(FAME) blend in modern common‐rail injection Diesel engines is attempted. This understanding is appliedto the explanation of the observed effects on the engine performance and emissions characteristics withthis engine category. The results are compared to the relatively scarce works reported in the specializedliterature for the specific engine category and high blending ratios. Also, the effect of biodiesel blends inthe transient fuel system and engine operation is examined. Furthermore, the effect of prolonged engineoperation at a high biodiesel blend on the fuel system and the engine components is investigated.In the second part of the Thesis, the effect of low percentage biodiesel blends on the diesel filter loadingand regeneration behavior of a conventional, single cylinder Diesel engine with low pressure injectionsystem is presented. A fuel additive is employed in order to perform filter regeneration at relatively lowexhaust temperatures. The effect of the biodiesel on the filter regeneration is further investigated bymeans of infrared thermography on a small filter module and in‐house computational tool. In addition, theeffect of biodiesel on injection characteristics is investigated by means of Laser Doppler Velocimetrytechnique.Τhe results enhance our understanding of the engine ECU behavior with the high percentage biodieselblends. Certain modifications to engine ECU maps and control parameters are proposed and discussed,aimed at improvement of transient performance of modern engines run on high percentage biodieselblends. However, a high pressure pump failure that was observed after prolonged engine operation withthe B70 blend, hints to the use of more conservative biodiesel blending in fuel that should not exceed 30%for common rail engines.The observed benefits as regards the DPF extend also to the faster evolution of regeneration and thelower overall filter wall temperatures with favorable effects on the filter durability.

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“…Simulation was used to assess the peak DPF bed temperature as a function of time during a Drop-to-Idle (DTI) event over several soot and ash loaded DPFs. Since DTI has been known to cause the failure modes of DPF cracking and melting, it represents the most challenging thermal event in the field application and thus is widely used to assess the DPF thermal robustness [25,32]. As shown in Figure 10, DPF with 5 g/l soot and 60 g/l ash has an approximately 15 °C higher exotherm than that with 5 g/l soot only.…”

Section: The Impact Of Ash On Dpf Regeneration Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The one-dimensional DPF mathematical model has been built based on previous work of Bissett [4], Luss [25], Konstandopoulos [26,27], Opris [28], Johnson [29] and Wang [21]. The basic equations for mass, momentum and energy balances of exhaust gas as well as the applied boundary conditions are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Dpf Model Setup and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Modeling Study of Ash Impact on DPF Backpressure and Regeneration Behaviors

Liu¹,

Su²,

Clerc³

et al. 2015

SAE Int. J. Engines

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One field-returned DPF loaded with a high amount of ash is examined using experimental and modeling approaches. The ash-related design factors are collected by coupling the inspection results from terahertz spectroscopy with a calibrated DPF model. The obtained ash packing density, ash layer permeability and ash distribution profile are then used in the simulation to assess the ash impact on DPF backpressure and regeneration behaviors. The following features have been observed during the simulation:1. The ash packing density, ash layer permeability and ash distribution profile should be collected at the same time to ensure the accurate prediction of ash impact on DPF backpressure. Missing one ash property could mislead the measurement of the other two parameters and thus affects the DPF backpressure estimation.2. The ash buildup would gradually increase the frequency for the backpressure-based active soot regeneration. However, the accumulated ash reduces the energy density during the regeneration event as well as adsorbing exotherm, lowering the thermal cracking risk.

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Hot zones formation during regeneration of diesel particulate filters

Cited by 16 publications

References 49 publications

Investigation of the effect of biodiesel blends on the performance of a fuel additive-assisted diesel filter system

Investigation of the effect of biodiesel blends on the performance of a fuel additive-assisted diesel filter system

Experimental investigation of the steady state and transient operation of diesel engines fuelled by high percentage biodiesel blends

Experimental and Modeling Study of Ash Impact on DPF Backpressure and Regeneration Behaviors

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