House Dust Mite Subcutaneous Immunotherapy and Lung Function Trajectory in Children and Adolescents with Asthma

Nogami, Kazutaka; Nagao, Mizuho; Takase, Takafumi; Yasuda, Yasuaki; Yamada, Shingo; Matsunaga, Mayumi; Hoshi, Miyuki; Hamada, Kana; Kuwabara, Yu; Tsugawa, Takeshi; Fujisawa, Takao

doi:10.3390/children9040487

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…AIT remains the main management strategy for HDM sensitized patients. It can relieve AR symptoms [ 37 ] and also improve the lung function of children and teenagers with the symptoms of HDM caused asthma [ 38 ]. Individual profiles of sensitization to HDM allergens can vary greatly and such heterogeneity should be taken into consideration while diagnosing and treating patients with HDM allergy [ 39 ]; it has been proven that AIT induces the proliferation of IgG and IgG4, specific for HDM allergens Der p 1, Der p 2 and Der p 23 and, to a lesser extent, other allergens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular sensitization pattern to house dust mites is formed from the first years of life and includes group 1, 2, Der p 23, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens

et al. 2023

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Background As the process and nature of developing sensitivity to house dust mites (HDMs) remain not fully studied, our goal was to establish the pattern, nature and timeframe of house dust mite (HDM) sensitization development in patients in Ukraine as well as the period when treatment of such patients would be most effective. Methods The data of the multiplex allergy test Alex2 was collected from 20,033 patients. To determine age specifics of sensitization, descriptive statistics were used. Bayesian Network analysis was used to build probabilistic patterns of individual sensitization. Results Patients from Ukraine were most often sensitized to HDM allergens of group 1 (Der p 1, Der f 1) and group 2 (Der p 2, Der f 2) as well as to Der p 23 (55%). A considerable sensitivity to Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens was also observed. The overall nature of sensitization to HDM allergens among the population of Ukraine is formed within the first year of life. By this time, there is a pronounced sensitization to HDM allergens of groups 1 and 2 as well as to Der p 23. Significance of sensitization to Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens grows starting from the age of 3–6. Bayesian Network data analysis indicated the leading role of sensitization to Der p 1 and Der f 2. While developing the sensitivity to group 5 allergens, the leading role may belong to Der p 21 allergen. Conclusion The results obtained indicate the importance of determining the sensitization profile using the multi-component approach. A more detailed study of the optimal age for AIT prescription is required as the pattern of sensitization to HDMs is formed during the first year of life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular sensitization pattern to house dust mites is formed from the first years of life and includes group 1, 2, Der p 23, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens

et al. 2023

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“…Several immunological biomarkers are applied to measure AIT-induced immune responses and efficacy in asthma ( Table 1 ). Among immune cells as biomarkers in AIT, eosinophil, and basophil cells are inhibited by AIT treatment along with allergen-sIgE that are crucial to type 2 inflammation in the airways [ 89 90 91 92 93 94 ].…”

Section: Predictive Biomarkers For Ait Outcomes In Allergic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and biomarkers of successful allergen-specific immunotherapy

López

Imam

Satitsuksanoa

et al. 2022

Asia Pacific Allergy

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Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is considered the only curative treatment for allergic diseases mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE). Currently, the route of administration depends both on the different types of causal allergens and on its effectiveness and safety profile. Several studies have reported the mechanisms and changes in humoral and cellular response underlying AIT; however, the full picture remains unknown. Knowledge of who can benefit from this type of treatment is urgently needed due to the patient safety risks and costs of AIT. In vivo or in vitro biomarkers have become a strategy to predict clinical outcomes in precision medicine. There are currently no standardized biomarkers that allow determining successful responses to AIT, however, some studies have found differences between responders and nonresponders. In addition, different candidates have been postulated that may have the potential to become biomarkers. In this review, we aim to summarize the findings to date related to biomarkers in different IgE-mediated allergic diseases (respiratory, food, and venom allergy) with the potential to define who will benefit from AIT.

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Effect and mechanism of allergen‐specific immunotherapy on small airway dysfunction in children with asthma

Zhong,

Ying,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Pediatric Pulmonology

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of allergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT) on small airway dysfunction (SAD) and the underlying mechanism with a special focus on basophils.MethodsSixty‐five children with mild to moderate asthma who were under regular inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment for more than 1 year but whose FEF75 remained below 65% of the predicted value and had positive results for serum Der p or Der f were enrolled. Children with asthma underwent house dust mite (HDM) subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) treatment for 1 year. Clinical symptoms and lung function were evaluated every 3 months during HDM SCIT treatment. Basophil activation test (BAT) was carried out before and after HDM SCIT treatment. RNA sequencing was performed in isolated basophils from peripheral blood after 6 months of HDM SCIT treatment, followed by GO term and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis between patients with and without HDM SCIT treatment.ResultsHDM AIT treatment ameliorated clinical symptoms while concurrently improved lung function parameters, such as FEV1/FVC, FEF75, FEF50 and MMEF (p < .05). It is worth noting that FEF75 values showed a highly significant, gradual and persistent increase (from 49.55 ± 1.27% at baseline to 71.89 ± 2.64% after 1 year of therapy) and 22 of 35 patients no longer had SAD after 1 year of treatment. BAT results revealed that AIT treatment significantly reduced basophil activity to the inhalant allergen mixtures containing HDM in vitro challenge from baseline. GO term and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of basophils revealed that downregulated genes were mainly involved in immune cell activation, antigen presentation, and Th2 cell differentiation.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that HDM AIT not only improved SAD related lung function parameters, but also reduced basophil activity. RNA sequencing revealed the inhibition of phagocytosis and the phagosome pathway in basophils which may affect the polarization of Th2 cell differentiation after HDM AIT.

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House Dust Mite Subcutaneous Immunotherapy and Lung Function Trajectory in Children and Adolescents with Asthma

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Molecular sensitization pattern to house dust mites is formed from the first years of life and includes group 1, 2, Der p 23, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens

Molecular sensitization pattern to house dust mites is formed from the first years of life and includes group 1, 2, Der p 23, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens

Mechanisms and biomarkers of successful allergen-specific immunotherapy

Effect and mechanism of allergen‐specific immunotherapy on small airway dysfunction in children with asthma

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