Household Food Insecurity, Local Food Environment Measures and Obesity in Adult Women in Hermosillo, México (P04-044-19)

Abstract

Objectives To examine the relationship between prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult women, household food insecurity (FI) and local food environment measures in Hermosillo, Mexico. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study design with a multi-stage sampling process for neighborhoods, households and individuals (in areas with medium and high levels of social marginalization). Measures of body weight, height and waist circumference from adult women were collected from September to November 2018. Through validated questionnaires and face-to-face interviews, we assessed food security (scale of food security for families in northwestern Mexico), perception of the local food environment (NEMS-P), socioeconomic status and self-reported physical activity. Results Prevalence of overweight and obesity among women was 80.5%, 82% were moderately active, and 69% did mainly housework. Seventy nine % of households showed some level of FI. Participants reported mainly supermarkets and corner stores for food purchasing (75.7% and 15.4%, respectively). There was a higher probability of obesity in women who visited neighborhood corner stores daily compared to those who purchased in other food establishments (OR: 3.66; 95% CI, 1.2–10.4). Among households with FI, the consumption of food while watching television, occupation, cohabitation status (being married or living with a partner) and the frequency and places of food purchasing, were associated with women´s overweight or obesity (P < 0.05). There was an association between women's waist circumference and severe household FI (P < 0.05). Conclusions The food environment and household FI were related to the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult women. Funding Sources This research was funded by the Interdisciplinary Research Network on Obesity Prevention at Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey

“…The instrument was previously evaluated in terms of feasibility, internal consistency and test-retest reproducibility [21], in addition to having been used in food consumption surveys in the United States and Spain [27][28][29][30][31]. The NEMS-P consists of 49 questions, mostly objective, divided into six sections: Home Food Environment, Questions about Food Purchase, Questions about Restaurants/Out-of-Home Meals, Your Habits and Thoughts about Food, General Questions About the House and General Questions [21] and has been used to assess the perception of the food environment in different countries such as the United States [29,32] and Mexico [33]. Therefore, NEMS-P was selected to carry out the translation and cultural adaptation for the Brazilian context.…”