2019
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040550
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Household Fuel Use for Heating and Cooking and Respiratory Health in a Low-Income, South African Coastal Community

Abstract: In low-income communities, non-electric fuel sources are typically the main cause of Household Air Pollution (HAP). In Umlazi, a South African coastal, informal settlement, households use electric- and non-electric (coal, wood, gas, paraffin) energy sources for cooking and heating. The study aimed to determine whether respiratory ill health status varied by fuel type use. Using a questionnaire, respondents reported on a range of socio-demographic characteristics, dwelling type, energy use for cooking and heati… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…However, the prevalence of vomiting and fever/chills for this study were higher compared to the Cape Town study. Higher prevalence of acute respiratory symptoms for this study was observed compared to the survey conducted in a similarly impoverished suburb of KwaZulu Natal in South Africa [26]. An exchange mechanism for disease transmission in overcrowded housing is through the air by droplets or aerosols when people are sneezing, coughing or talking [27].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…However, the prevalence of vomiting and fever/chills for this study were higher compared to the Cape Town study. Higher prevalence of acute respiratory symptoms for this study was observed compared to the survey conducted in a similarly impoverished suburb of KwaZulu Natal in South Africa [26]. An exchange mechanism for disease transmission in overcrowded housing is through the air by droplets or aerosols when people are sneezing, coughing or talking [27].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…We use the model developed in our study to assess the air pollution of centralized and decentralized NG systems in the United States. This study is also valuable for countries with fossil fuel-based district heating systems, whose electricity mix remains highly dependent on fossil fuels, and may not rapidly transition to renewable energies (e.g., Russia, China, India, and Poland). For instance, fossil fuels are 98% of Russia’s energy supply (among which 75% is NG), and China is rapidly replacing coal with NG. , This study is also relevant for developing nations such as Africa that still heavily depend on fossil fuels (e.g., coal, gas, diesel, and paraffin) . This model can inform policymakers, researchers, and energy-system planners alike on the benefits and drawbacks of CHP systems, given our outlined assumptions and limitations.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…41,42 This study is also relevant for developing nations such as Africa that still heavily depend on fossil fuels (e.g., coal, gas, diesel, and paraffin). 44 This model can inform policymakers, researchers, and energy-system planners alike on the benefits and drawbacks of CHP systems, given our outlined assumptions and limitations. Because one of the major benefits of CHP is offsetting heat generation from other systems in commercial buildings, and previous work has also shown that CHP with thermal storage has potential for GHG emissions, 19 more research is needed for improved heatdispatch strategies or thermal-storage options.…”
Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The main drivers of household emissions globally and nationally are poverty and limited access to resources such as good quality housing and clean energy sources (Buthelezi et al, 2019; HEI, 2020). Previous studies have shown that, of all the environments in South Africa, ambient concentrations of particulate matter are highest in solid fuel using areas (Hersey et al, 2015).…”
Section: Research Article Intra-urban Variability Of Pm 25 In a Dense Low-income Settlement On The South African Highveld Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, it remains prominent in many low-income urban and peri-urban settlements around the coalfields on the South African Highveld (StatsSA, 2019). It is estimated that household and ambient air pollution exposure contributed to 4 590 and 24 800 premature deaths of South Africans in 2019, respectively (HEI, 2020).The main drivers of household emissions globally and nationally are poverty and limited access to resources such as good quality housing and clean energy sources (Buthelezi et al, 2019; HEI, 2020). Previous studies have shown that, of all the environments in South Africa, ambient concentrations of particulate matter are highest in solid fuel using areas (Hersey et al, 2015).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%