Households’ fuel choices in the context of a decade-long load-shedding problem in Nepal

Koirala, Dhiroj Prasad; Acharya, Bikram

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112795

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The COVID-19 pandemic situation proved the fragility of the industrial corporate food systems (Montenegro de Wit, 2021), and the resilience and vitality of the localized, short-chain, diversified and sovereign approach to food systems (Adhikari, Timsina, et al, 2021;Menconi et al, 2022;Nemes et al, 2021;Turnšek et al, 2022;Zollet et al, 2021). Landlocked boundary and fragile geography dictate emphasis on contextual integration of cleaner locally available renewal energy options such as animal draft power, biogas, solar and wind energy, and micro-hydroelectrical power systems (Khatri & Paija, 2021;Koirala & Acharya, 2022;Malla, 2022;Neupane et al, 2022;Raihan & Tuspekova, 2022;K. Rijal et al, 1991;Suman, 2021) for residential use and agricultural and rural/agro-industrial mechanization to replace import of fossil fuel while reducing wastes and hazards.…”

Section: Nepal's Geophysical and Socioeconomic Realities And Their Po...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroecological Approach to Agricultural Sustainability, Food Sovereignty And Endogenous Circular Economy

Khanal

Thapa

2023

Nep. Pub. Pol. Rev.

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The resource over-exploitative, waste-burdening, linear developmental model has transgressed the planetary safe operating limits of the earth systems engendering climatic emergencies and also exacerbated socioeconomic imbalances. The only way of mitigating these planetary and social crises is to formulate and strictly enact ecofriendly, resource recycling, circular economic, equitable, decentralized and peoples´ participatory developmental policies and practices. The objective of this review is to contribute to the discourse on transformative agriculture-centred, circular economic policies and practices that foster nature-based solutions and prudent extraction, use, re-use, and recycling of resources while minimizing waste and environmental externalities. The review highlights Nepal’s geophysical, agroecological and socioeconomic realities, their manifestations and policy implications. It also explores how past development policies have been mismatched with these realities, eroding the indigenous resource bases and knowledge systems, and thereby, disrupting the agriculture-based, self-reliant, and food sovereign livelihoods systems. The article argues that agroecology, as a science, practice and movement envisions a nature-based, circular economic and socially just transformative pathway towards sustainable agri-food systems embracing food sufficiency, safety and sovereignty. This pathway contributes to healthy people, healthy animals and healthy ecosystems, hence strengthening the vision of One Health. Building on the agroecological perspectives, this article presents the resynthesized eight operational elements referred to as “8-S-elements” for agroecological transformation. These elements pertain to the prudent management of space (S1), species (S2), seeds (S3), soils (S4), seasonality (S5) and stress factors (S6) through the synergistic integration of agroecosystems and livelihood systems components (S7) with socioeconomic rationality (S8). In the Nepalese context, as an agriculture-based economy, agri-food and livelihoods are viewed as complementary facets. This study recommends the transformative policy options based on the principles of ecological stewardship and socioeconomic objectivity.

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Section: Nepal's Geophysical and Socioeconomic Realities And Their Po...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroecological Approach to Agricultural Sustainability, Food Sovereignty And Endogenous Circular Economy

Khanal

Thapa

2023

Nep. Pub. Pol. Rev.

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“…Rahut et al (2017a) conduct a primary survey of 500 farmers from the seven districts of the Himalayan region of northern Pakistan and ascertain that young and educated farmers with large land holdings use more than one energy source for cooking purposes. Koirala and Acharya (2022) make study of two periods data from the National Living Standard Surveys (NLSS) and four Annual Household Surveys (AHS) and found that household size and availability of clean energy sources (supply) affects the use of traditional fuels, such as firewood and selfcollected fuels.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are households shifting toward cleaner cooking fuel? Empirical evidence from India during 2005–2021

Timilsina,

Rahut,

Gautam

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Econ.

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The natural environment is negatively impacted by the daily fuel use for domestic purposes, particularly in developing nations with large populations, such as India, where biomass is the primary source of fuel for household cooking. However, a greater understanding is needed about the trends, patterns, and factors affecting household energy consumption and choice in India over the past two decades. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data from the years 2005–2006, 2015–2016, and the most recent year 2019–21 are used in this study to empirically demonstrate that characteristics including gender, education, capital, social status, and geography have significant influence on a household's decision to use cleaner energy. The results report that homes in rural regions, the poorest and most impoverished households, those headed by women, and without formal education have been unable to switch to cleaner fuels such as liquid petroleum gas (LPG) over time. As the study suggests that increasing income levels and education can lead to a shift toward cleaner household energy consumption, policies promoting economic growth and education can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from household energy consumption. Thus, policies like subsidies in LPG and electricity shall explicitly aim to assist impoverished households and lower-income families in enhancing their accessibility and affordability options for cleaner energy sources. The research underscores the significance of directing efforts towards the economically disadvantaged segments of society, guaranteeing their access to more environmentally friendly energy sources.

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“…Both in the commercial and domestic sectors, the role of energy is indispensable in production and consumption-related activities (Acharya and Adhikari 2021 ; Yadav et al 2021 ). Access to clean and modern energy is vital for human development and well-being (Koirala and Acharya 2022 ). However, the type of fuel consumed in households directly affects human health, the environment, and the time allocation pattern of the household members.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household fuel choices and consumption intensity in Pakistan: evidence from HIES data 2001–2019

Awan

Bilgili

Rahut

2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The adoption of clean energy (electricity and gas) for domestic purposes has increased over the decades, yet the share of clean energy in total energy consumption remains low. Therefore, this study analyses seven rounds of HIES surveys in Pakistan collected between 2001 to 2019 to understand the energy use patterns and why clean fuel consumption is low among households that have already adopted clean energy. To this end, the present study applied the Probit and Tobit models to examine the determinants of using different fuel types and their consumption intensity. The results show that female-headed households are more likely to adopt and consume more clean fuels such as electricity and gas. Moreover, education, wealth, and urban location have a positive association with clean fuel adoption and consumption. The study also finds that age and household size have a non-linear impact on clean fuel consumption intensity. The study recommends policies to achieve SDG 7 by improving accessibility and affordability by increasing income and the supply of clean fuel. Further, it emphasizes enhancing the knowledge about the benefit of using clean energy through education programs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-023-27227-3.

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Households’ fuel choices in the context of a decade-long load-shedding problem in Nepal

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Agroecological Approach to Agricultural Sustainability, Food Sovereignty And Endogenous Circular Economy

Agroecological Approach to Agricultural Sustainability, Food Sovereignty And Endogenous Circular Economy

Are households shifting toward cleaner cooking fuel? Empirical evidence from India during 2005–2021

Household fuel choices and consumption intensity in Pakistan: evidence from HIES data 2001–2019

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