Households Health Expenditure in Interannual Correlation With Public Health Expenditure in Greece

Zikidou, Stavroula; Hadjidema, Stamatina

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.00448

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The Greek household health expenditure rapidly increased during the period 1988-2008 and then started to decrease. The same tendency is observed for public expenditure, household medical services, and pharmaceuticals (15).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Analysis of the Household and Health Care System Expenditures in Bulgaria

Mitkova

Petrova

2021

Front. Public Health

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Health care systems worldwide are experiencing tremendous financial pressure because of the introduction of new targeted health technologies and medicines. This study aims to analyze and compare public and household healthcare expenditures in Bulgaria during the period 2015–2019, as well as present the major cost-containment measures implied by the government and their probable influence on the overall health care cost. Regulatory analysis of the endorsed cost-containment measures, budget analysis of public and household health care expenditures, and their extrapolations were performed. The regulatory analysis reveals that a large number of measures are introduced and valid until January 2021, considering pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and negotiations between the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) and Marketing authorization holders (MAHs). NHIF costs due to pharmaceuticals, food supplements, and medical devices are rising from 2015 to 2019. The overall health expenditures average per household and the average per person also grow in this period. The cost extrapolation reveals that an increase in 3-year periods is expected. Despite the implementation of variety of cost-containment measures in Bulgaria, such as HTA, ERP, discounts, and annual negotiations, The National Health Insurance Fund's (NHIF) spending on pharmaceuticals continues to rise in recent years, and further increases are expected in the next 3 years. The average expenditure per household and per person also increased, which confirms the global trend of rising medicine and outpatient services value.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Analysis of the Household and Health Care System Expenditures in Bulgaria

Mitkova

Petrova

2021

Front. Public Health

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“…Hence, as the share of healthcare financing between public and private (OOP) spending varies across the countries in this article, it follows that those countries with a larger share of private healthcare financing are likely to have relatively low unrelated medical costs [61]. To this point, the literature on public healthcare spending in Greece points to an increasingly higher share of private funding and informal care giving due to austerity policies since its financial crisis [62][63][64]; private spending on healthcare, mainly OOP spending, approached 41% in 2015 [62]. Similarly, reports on the Spanish healthcare system show a relatively large portion of OOP spending in Spain, around 24% (EU average is around 17%) [65].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future medical and non-medical costs and their impact on the cost-effectiveness of life-prolonging interventions: a comparison of five European countries

et al. 2022

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When healthcare interventions prolong life, people consume medical and non-medical goods during the years of life they gain. It has been argued that the costs for medical consumption should be included in cost-effectiveness analyses from both a healthcare and societal perspective, and the costs for non-medical consumption should additionally be included when a societal perspective is applied. Standardized estimates of these so-called future costs are available in only a few countries and the impact of inclusion of these costs is likely to differ between countries. In this paper we present and compare future costs for five European countries and estimate the impact of including these costs on the cost-effectiveness of life-prolonging interventions. As countries differ in the availability of data, we illustrate how both individual- and aggregate-level data sources can be used to construct standardized estimates of future costs. Results show a large variation in costs between countries. The medical costs for the Netherlands, Germany, and the United Kingdom are large compared to Spain and Greece. Non-medical costs are higher in Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom than in Greece. The impact of including future costs on the ICER similarly varied between countries, ranging from €1000 to €35,000 per QALY gained. The variation between countries in impact on the ICER is largest when considering medical costs and indicate differences in both structure and level of healthcare financing in these countries. Case study analyses were performed in which we highlight the large impact of including future costs on ICER relative to willingness-to-pay thresholds.

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“…Especially, household income is an important feature. As income increase, the promoting effect of public health expenditure on household consumption expenditure may gradually weaken ( 32 , 33 ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The heterogeneous relationship between public health expenditures and household medical expenditures: evidence from relative poverty households in China

Li,

Yuan,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Exploring the heterogeneous relationship between public health expenditures and household medical expenditures from the perspective of relative poverty has positive significance for improving the ability of relative poverty households to cope with the risk of large rigid expenditures and optimizing the public health resource allocation. This paper uses the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2016 to 2020 to identify relative poverty standard from the perspective of medical needs, analyzes the impact of public health expenditures on medical expenditures of different household types, and evaluates the effect of public health expenditures on ensuring the medical needs of relative poverty households. The panel threshold regression result shows that 19.36% of the provinces per capita disposable where the household is located is the identification standard of relative poverty households. Public health expenditures have a crowding-in effect on household medical expenditures and have a stronger impact on relative poverty households, an effect that is also confirmed by two-stage least squares regression. In addition, ensuring household medical needs through public health expenditures focuses on the level of basic medical needs, and the role of household healthcare expenditures that reflects high-level medical needs is not obvious. In the future, the government should establish a monitoring mechanism for relative poverty households, ensure the basic medical needs of relative poverty households, and clarify the heterogeneity among different types of households, provide targeted public health services.

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Households Health Expenditure in Interannual Correlation With Public Health Expenditure in Greece

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Analysis of the Household and Health Care System Expenditures in Bulgaria

Analysis of the Household and Health Care System Expenditures in Bulgaria

Future medical and non-medical costs and their impact on the cost-effectiveness of life-prolonging interventions: a comparison of five European countries

The heterogeneous relationship between public health expenditures and household medical expenditures: evidence from relative poverty households in China

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