Housing Gaps Between Rural–Urban Migrants and Local Urban Residents: The Case of Vietnam

La, Hai Anh; Tran, Thi Bich Ngoc; Nguyen, Uyen

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94574-3_9

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, the Law on Residence effective in 2014 (Decree 31/2014/ND-CP 18 April) again requires migrant applicants to have uninterrupted employment for at least two years prior to the application of local ho khau in Hanoi, Hai Phong, Da Nang, Hochiminh City and Can Tho. In Hanoi, they must also own a house or a long-term rental contract and must have lived there continuously for at least three years (La, 2015).…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segregated and not equal? Occupation, earnings gap between urban residents and rural migrants in Vietnam

Liu

2019

IJM

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the earnings differentials between the locals and the rural–urban migrants in urban labor market in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach Using the new Vietnam Rural-Urban Migration Survey 2013 (VRUMS2013) that is specifically designed for rural–urban migration, the author applies Appleton et al.’s (1999) procedure correcting for potential selectivity to decompose the offered earnings gap between the locals and the rural–urban migrants into within- and between-occupation pay differential. Bootstrapping is used to derive the standard errors for the decomposition results. The author further applies the propensity score matching (PSM) method to check whether the results are robust by restricting the sample to the “common support.” Findings Within-job difference, particularly, the favorable treatment toward urban workers contributes significantly to the overall and total unexplained earnings gap. Further, between-job pay differential attributed to the over-representation of urban workers in high-paying job also helps to widen the gap. These results are robust restricting to the “common support” sample using PSM. Research limitations/implications Due to the sample size, occupations are only classified into three broad categories. Finer classification will allow a better comparison between the contributions of between and within-occupation to earning inequality. The data are only limited to a few cities and do not include other urban centers that also receive rural–urban migrants. Practical implications Policies to promote equal pay and alleviate within-job “discrimination,” especially the preferential treatment favoring the locals (rather than to provide equal access to different jobs) are crucial for migrants’ labor outcome. Moreover, this study can, to some extent, be seen as a timely contribution for the debate on household registration reform in general and in Vietnam specifically. Given China’s announcement to grant permanent household registration (hukou) to unregistrated migrants in late 2015, investigating whether there is a two-tier labor market in the cities in Vietnam is particularly important for the ongoing debate regarding future of household registration system (ho khau). Originality/value This is the first study in Vietnam on rural–urban migration and occupation segregation – an area that has been relatively less well studied in developing/transitional countries. Vietnam is also one of the few developing countries who have household registration system in place. This has made it an interesting case. The author uses a new survey data to apply the Appleton et al. (1999) decomposition on the offered wage gap rather than observed wage gap. Standard errors of the decomposition results are bootstrapped and a robust check using propensity score method is conducted.

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Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segregated and not equal? Occupation, earnings gap between urban residents and rural migrants in Vietnam

Liu

2019

IJM

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“…In 2018, under the rapid development of industrial zones leading to a severe housing shortage for workers, the HCMC government tried to build affordable housing for Ho Chi Minh City workers (Agency, 2018;La, Tran, & Nguyen, 2019). The houses/ rooms for rent, worker dormitories, and social housing are the popular housing type of worker housing there.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Impacting Workers Housing Decisions in Ho Chi Minh City

Hoang-Thi

Kung

Chang

2021

ajE-Bs

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Housing for workers in industrial zones is always the top concern of planning in Vietnam. However, the provision of housing types has not met the practical needs of workers. It leads to unplanned or high density in existing industrial neighborhoods. The research will determine factors impacting workers' housing decisions in the Ho Chi Minh City industrial zone through in-depth interviews, exploratory factor analysis, and multiple regression methods. The research results will significantly reduce the current weaknesses in industrial neighborhoods and support the planning or adjusting of residential planning in Vietnam's industrial zones. Keywords: Workers’ housing decision; Ho Chi Minh city; Exploratory factor analysis (EFA); Multiple regression analysis. eISSN 2514-751X ©2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians, Africans, Arabians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ajebs.v6i20.395

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What Can Household Living Standard Survey Data Tell Us About Non-Financial Wealth Inequality? A Case Study of Vietnam

Phan

2024

Forum for Social Economics

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Housing Gaps Between Rural–Urban Migrants and Local Urban Residents: The Case of Vietnam

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Segregated and not equal? Occupation, earnings gap between urban residents and rural migrants in Vietnam

Segregated and not equal? Occupation, earnings gap between urban residents and rural migrants in Vietnam

Factors Impacting Workers Housing Decisions in Ho Chi Minh City

What Can Household Living Standard Survey Data Tell Us About Non-Financial Wealth Inequality? A Case Study of Vietnam

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