How a Minimum Time Step and Formation of Initial Causal Structure in Space-Time May Void the Penrose Singularity Theorem, as in Hawkings and Ellis’s 1973 Write-Ups

Beckwith, Andrew

doi:10.4236/jhepgc.2018.43026

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We conclude that a worthy application of our techniques is in investigating if restrictions as to the KAM results, and restricted small mass of a third body in terms of interaction with two other bodies are doable and made more likely via Equation (16). We argue that Equation ( 16) in its limiting characterization may allow certain classical 3 body simulations more flexibility than what exist presently.…”

Section: And Now For An Overall Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…, with λ proportional to the "width" of a would be pre universe "bubble" as seen in [16] place of a singularity, and also that one would have, for a constant H, during this time as seen by [17],…”

Section: Part 2 the Problem Of The α In A Gravitational Potential Proportional To R −αmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hope that by judicious investigation of the arguments given as of to Equation (16), the restrictions as to the smallness of the "third" mass may be partly ameliorated.…”

Section: Quotementioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure Formation and Non Linear Electrodynamics with Attendant Changes in Gravitational Potential and Its Relationship to the 3 Body Problem

Beckwith¹

2018

JHEPGC

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We find that having the scale factor close to zero due to a given magnetic field value, an early universe magnetic field affects how we would interpret Mukhanov's chapter on "self reproduction of the universe". We extend such arguments, and refer to the possibility of modified gravity. We hope that some of the issues raised by Kobayashi and Seto as to allowed inflation models may be addressed, once further refinement of these preliminary results commences. We close with statements as to the value of α in a gravitational potential proportional to r α − and how this adjustment affects the 3 body problem.

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Section: And Now For An Overall Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Part 2 the Problem Of The α In A Gravitational Potential Proportional To R −αmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure Formation and Non Linear Electrodynamics with Attendant Changes in Gravitational Potential and Its Relationship to the 3 Body Problem

Beckwith¹

2018

JHEPGC

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“…The author in [12] had this initial construction, i.e., and is replicated for the record with several given Changes. We first give initial equations of [7] [13] and then after words relate it to the Dowker [8] results Here, the idea would be, to make the following equivalence, i.e., look at, [7] where we have what we call Initial entropy value for when we identify the cosmological constant.…”

Section: What About the Matter Of Causal Relations And Initial Conditions Using Dowker's Construction And Discussion Of Posets?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We pick Entropy as represented by an energy term E driving the entropy as given by T temperature dependence. As given in Equation ( 15), whereas we use the cube of the same Temperature T driving entropy in Equation (12).…”

Section: What About the Matter Of Causal Relations And Initial Conditions Using Dowker's Construction And Discussion Of Posets?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Solution of the Cosmological Constant and DE and Arrow of Time, Using Model of a Nonsingular Universe from Rosen from Volume (56) Ettore Majorana International Science Series, Physics, 1991

Beckwith¹

2021

JHEPGC

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We reduplicate the Book "Dark Energy" by M. Li, X-D. Li, and Y. Wang, given zero-point energy calculation with an unexpected "length" added to the "width" of a graviton wave just prior to specifying the creation of "gravitons", using the Rosen and Israelit model of a nonsingular universe. In doing so we are in addition to obtaining a wavelength 10 30 times greater than Planck's length so we can calculate DE, may be able to with the help of the Rosen and Israelit model have a first approximation as to the arrow of time, and a universe with massive gravity. We have left the particulars of the nonsingular starting point undefined but state that the Rosen and Israelit model postulates initial temperatures of 10 −180 Kelvin and also a value of about Planck temperature, at 10 −3 centimeters radii value which may satisfy initial conditions asked by t'Hooft for describing an arrow of time. A key assumption is that the DE is formed at 10 −3 cm, after an expansion of 10 30 times in radii, from the Planck length radius nonsingular starting point. The given starting point for DE in this set of assumptions is where there is a change in the cosmic acceleration, to a zero value, according to Rosen and Israel, with time t = 1.31 times 10 −42 seconds. That may be where we may specify a potential magnitude, V, which has ties into inflaton physics. The particulars of the model from Rosen and Israelit allow a solution to be found, without discussion of where that nonsingular starting point came from, a point the author found in need of drastic remedies and fixes.

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How a Minimum Time Step and Formation of Initial Causal Structure in Space-Time May Void the Penrose Singularity Theorem, as in Hawkings and Ellis’s 1973 Write-Ups

Abstract: Using a root finder procedure to obtain t ∆ we use an inflaton value due to use of a scale factor miñ a a t γ if we furthermore use 2 min initial

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Structure Formation and Non Linear Electrodynamics with Attendant Changes in Gravitational Potential and Its Relationship to the 3 Body Problem

Structure Formation and Non Linear Electrodynamics with Attendant Changes in Gravitational Potential and Its Relationship to the 3 Body Problem

A Solution of the Cosmological Constant and DE and Arrow of Time, Using Model of a Nonsingular Universe from Rosen from Volume (56) Ettore Majorana International Science Series, Physics, 1991

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