How and why does the areole meristem move in Echinocereus (Cactaceae)?

Sánchez, Daniel; Grego-Valencia, Dalia; Terrazas, Teresa; Arias, Salvador

doi:10.1093/aob/mcu208

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…[ ][ ] Therefore, analyzing and comparing the chemical composition of the non‐fibrous woods in which WBTs predominate are relevant. In Mexico, non‐fibrous woods are well represented in the genera of the Cacteae tribe [ ][ ] and in the genus Echinocereus , which is relevant because Echinocereus is a monophyletic genus and differs from the other genera of the Echinocereeae tribe that have fibrous wood …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition of Cacti Wood and Comparison with the Wood of Other Taxonomic Groups

Maceda

Soto-Hernández

Peña-Valdivia

et al. 2018

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The aims of this study were to determine the wood chemical composition of 25 species of Cactaceae and to relate the composition to their anatomical diversity. The hypothesis was that wood chemical components differ in relationship to their wood features. The results showed significant differences in wood chemical compounds across species and genera (P < 0.05). Pereskia had the highest percentage of lignin, whereas species of Coryphantha had the lowest; extractive compounds in water were highest for Echinocereus, Mammillaria, and Opuntia. Principal component analysis showed that lignin proportion separated the fibrous, dimorphic, and non-fibrous groups; additionally, the differences within each type of wood occurred because of the lignification of the vascular tissue and the type of wall thickening. Compared with other groups of species, the Cactaceae species with fibrous and dimorphic wood had a higher lignin percentage than did gymnosperms and Acer species. Lignin may confer special rigidity to tracheary elements to withstand desiccation without damage during adverse climatic conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition of Cacti Wood and Comparison with the Wood of Other Taxonomic Groups

Maceda

Soto-Hernández

Peña-Valdivia

et al. 2018

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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“…Exomorfología de las yemas y botones florales. El desarrollo temprano del meristemo floral es claramente interno al tallo y permanece latente hasta que se diferencia en una yema floral y errumpe la epidermis, como ya había sido mencionado por Ross (1982) y corroborado por Sánchez et al (2015). La exomorfología de las yemas documentada minuciosamente en este trabajo para E. stramineus y E. coccineus, coincide con la descripción de Sánchez et al (2015) para diferentes especies del género.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Desarrollo y anatomía floral de dos especies de Echinocereus de la Sierra de Juárez, Chihuahua, México

et al. 2020

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Antecedentes: La investigación sobre la ontogenia floral en cactáceas es escasa; ésta es fundamental para conocer la identidad de los órganos florales e identificar caracteres taxonómicos valiosos. En esta investigación se analizó y comparó el desarrollo floral de dos especies de Echinocereus. Hipótesis: El desarrollo de los verticilos florales de las dos especies de Echinocereus será en orden centrípeto. Especies de estudio: Echinocereus stramineus (Engelm.) F. Seitz, 1870 (Sección Costati) y E. coccineus Engelm., 1848 (Sección Triglochidiati). Sitio de estudio: Sierra de Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México, año 2019. Métodos: Se recolectaron yemas, botones florales y flores en antesis y se procesaron por medio de técnicas de microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido. Resultados: Se establecieron ocho etapas del desarrollo floral, desde la organogénesis temprana hasta la antesis. Las yemas florales son errumpentes. La organogénesis es centrípeta en el siguiente orden: tépalos externos, tépalos internos, estambres y carpelos. La diferenciación de los estambres es centrífuga, con particularidades en cada especie. Los carpelos muestran fusión congénita, desarrollando un gineceo sincárpico, unilocular y con placentación parietal. La porción apical de los carpelos forma los lóbulos del estigma (8-12). Se observó constantemente la bifurcación de uno de los lóbulos del estigma en ambas especies. Conclusiones: El lóbulo estigmático bifurcado podría tener valor taxonómico, pero deberá ser evaluado posteriormente en estudios comparativos que incluyan otras especies de Echinocereus. Esta investigación permitió comprender como se forma cada órgano floral y detectar caracteres con importancia taxonómica como la epidermis taninífera de los tépalos y el grosor de la columna.

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“…However, it is regarded as a short shoot covered with trichomes and that dynamically produces stems (long shoots), leaves, spines, and/or flowers (Mauseth, 2006). The enclosed areole meristem and internal bud development are understood to be an adaptation to protect the meristem and bud from low temperatures (Sánchez et al, 2015).…”

Section: Areolementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent taxonomic synthesis of the Cactaceae family revealed the diversity and dynamics of the areole meristem in Cactaceae (Hunt et al, 2006). Of the 1438 species in the Cactaceae family, about 85% have monomorphic areoles; trichomes, stems or branches, leaves, spines and/or flowers are produced on the areole surface (Hunt et al, 2006;Sánchez et al, 2015). The remaining 15% of the species, included in the subfamily Cactoideae, show certain modifications in the morphology and anatomy of their areoles, which are expressed in the placement of their organs (Sánchez et al, 2015).…”

Section: Areolementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 1438 species in the Cactaceae family, about 85% have monomorphic areoles; trichomes, stems or branches, leaves, spines and/or flowers are produced on the areole surface (Hunt et al, 2006;Sánchez et al, 2015). The remaining 15% of the species, included in the subfamily Cactoideae, show certain modifications in the morphology and anatomy of their areoles, which are expressed in the placement of their organs (Sánchez et al, 2015). For instance, Mammillaria has dimorphic areoles in which a spiny areole appears on the apex of the tubercle and a flower-bearing areole appears in the axil (Boke, 1953;1955;1958;Sánchez et al, 2015).…”

Section: Areolementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cactus as Crop Plant ― Physiological Features, Uses and Cultivation ―

Horibe

2021

Environmental Control in Biology

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Today, the stems of edible Opuntia are consumed as vegetables, cattle food, and processed food, in addition to being used for raw materials in cosmetics and medical supplies in various countries, including the Mediterranean, South America, the Middle East, North Africa and Asia, showing their wide adaptability to various climate zones ranging from arid, semiarid to temperate zones. In a time when global warming and population growth requires an urgent response, there is intense demands in crops like edible Opuntia, which are stress-resistant to extreme environments (e.g., high temperature, dryness) and can be grown in large volumes. Thus, Edible Opuntia have promising potential not only to become general crop consumed globally but also to serve as a model plant for deciphering the mechanisms of their special properties. However, their existence and their traits as crop are not well-known at the global level compared with other global crops. This review explains the physiological features, uses and cultivation technologies including soil and hydroponic culture of edible Opuntia with recent researches.

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How and why does the areole meristem move in Echinocereus (Cactaceae)?

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Chemical Composition of Cacti Wood and Comparison with the Wood of Other Taxonomic Groups

Chemical Composition of Cacti Wood and Comparison with the Wood of Other Taxonomic Groups

Desarrollo y anatomía floral de dos especies de Echinocereus de la Sierra de Juárez, Chihuahua, México

Cactus as Crop Plant ― Physiological Features, Uses and Cultivation ―

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