How Apparent Digestibility of Carotenoids, Macronutrients, and Minerals are Differently Affected by Ration Level in Atlantic Salmon,<i>Salmo Salar</i>

Rørvik, Kjell‐Arne; Ytrestøyl, Trine; Lundberg, E.; Jakobsen, Frank; Jakobsen, A. A.; Bjerkeng, Björn

doi:10.1080/10454431003736227

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…; Rørvik et al . ). However, the slightly higher growth rate of the salmon fed the krill diet was not enough to cause significant differences in fillet colour or texture compared with the control diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of low inclusion levels of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) meal on growth performance, apparent digestibility and slaughter quality of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

et al. 2016

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Two trials with Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were conducted to evaluate the potential of krill meal to improve feed intake. In the first experiment, after transfer to sea water, salmon smolts were fed diets added 75 or 150 g kg À1 Antarctic krill meal in substitution for fish meal for 13 weeks. The apparent digestibility coefficient for crude protein and the majority of the amino acids was significantly lower in the feeds added krill meal (around 83.5%) than in the control diet (84.9%), whereas the digestibility of crude lipids, dry matter and energy was not significantly different among the three diets. Krill meal addition resulted in higher feed intake, which led to higher growth rates and final body weights. In the second experiment, large salmon were fed a diet containing 100 g kg À1 krill meal for 6 weeks before slaughter. Their feed intake and growth performance were assessed, and fillet and visceral fat contents were measured. Salmon fed the 100 g kg À1 krill meal diet tended to eat more, resulting in significantly increased growth rates, when compared to control fish. Fish fed krill meal also had a significantly lower condition factor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of low inclusion levels of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) meal on growth performance, apparent digestibility and slaughter quality of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

et al. 2016

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“…Nevertheless, free AST is usually absorbed and deposited better than AST ester [43]. The latter needs to be hydrolysed into free form, incorporated into mixed micelles or lipoproteins, absorbed in the intestine and finally transported to the liver and deposited in muscle [44]. Intestinal hydrolysis or cleavage could be a limiting step for the absorption of AST from its ester matrix [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Krill, Mussel and Fish Meals on Fatty Acid Profile, Carotenoid Content, Colour and Oxidation Properties of White Muscle in Arctic Charr (Salvelinus Alpinus L.)

Picková¹

2017

IJOAC

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Production of good quality fish muscle with reduced use of fish meal (FM) and oil (FO) is of great interest in aquaculture. This study tested 13 diets including (FM), krill meal (KM) or mussel meal (MM) and with rapeseed oil (RO) or RO+FO+KO (krill oil) (mixed oil, MO) or FO+KO (FKO) as the lipid source. These were fed to Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) (initial weight 104.5±20.8 g, final weight 276.7±106.2, n=12) and their effects on FA profile, astaxanthin (AST) content and colour (a* value) of white muscle investigated. The FA profile of RO groups was characterised by monounsaturated fatty acids, α-linolenic acid and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), while FKO groups were mainly rich in saturated fatty acids (16:0, 14:0, 18:0), 16:1n-7 and n-3 PUFA, with a high n-3/n-6 ratio in the FA profile. Feeding KM, MM, KO gave positive effects on deposition of n-3 PUFA and AST. One group fed an AST-deficient diet showed comparable levels of arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid to other groups, although the diet contained much lower levels of these FA. Another group fed a diet including the highest levels of KO (8.1%) and KM (29.4%) exhibited the highest n-3 PUFA level, n-3/n-6 ratio, AST content, a* value and thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) value. In conclusion, KM, KO and MM could be used to improve the FA profile and colour properties of Arctic charr white muscle. AST not only affects colour properties, but also FA metabolism. Practical applications: It was found that the FA profile of muscle from Arctic charr fed high levels of MM, KO and KM were rich in n-3 PUFA and had a high n-3/n-6 ratio, high AST content and high a* value. These results indicate that KM, KO and MM can be used to improve lipid quality and colour property in fish fillet and can act as a potential substitute for FO and FM in salmonid aquaculture. The similar levels of n-3 PUFA in groups with and without sufficient AST in the diet fed group suggest that antioxidant deficiency may induce Arctic charr to use α-linolenic acid to form n-3 PUFA. This provides a possible avenue for low-cost accumulation of n-3 PUFA in fish fillet. All these results are beneficial information for improving the use of non-fish-based materials in salmonid farming.

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“…The colour drop seen during autumn is concurrent with shorter days in both smolt groups, but the reason for this is unknown. A recently published study has shown reduced carotenoid digestibility with increased feed rations, possible explaining poorer pigmentation in rapidly growing salmon (Rørvik et al 2010). Reduced meal frequency had a temporal negative effect on colour, probably due to temporal reduced feed provision (affecting feed intake) and hence lower intake of pigments.…”

Section: Aquaculture Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in muscle structure and flesh quality of 0+ and 1+ Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.): impact of feeding regime and possible roles of ghrelin

et al. 2012

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Growth performance, muscle cellularity, flesh quality, and plasma ghrelin were investigated in 0+ and 1+ farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) from 40 g to 4.3 kg. Reduced meal frequency was introduced in both smolt groups from ~1.5 kg; one meal per second day (<5 °C) to one daily meal (>5 °C), while control groups were fed one to three daily meals. Results show that 0+ salmon had higher final fibre number and density, pigment content, red colour intensity, firmer flesh, and lower fillet fat content than 1+ salmon at 4.3 kg, affected by season and smolt type. Muscle fibre recruitment was an important determinant of fillet firmness and colour, possibly influenced by the prenatal temperature regime. Fish fed reduced meal frequency showed temporal reduced feeding ration, but growth performance was not compromised in any smolt groups at harvest. However, fillet fat, gaping, and colour decreased by less frequent feeding, with permanent effects in 1+ salmon for gaping and fat. Reduced meal frequency is therefore considered to be a promising tool for managing important flesh quality attributes in salmon without compromising growth performance. It is also suggested that ghrelin stimulates short‐term appetite, and perhaps also in the longer term.

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How Apparent Digestibility of Carotenoids, Macronutrients, and Minerals are Differently Affected by Ration Level in Atlantic Salmon,Salmo Salar

Cited by 9 publications

References 65 publications

The effect of low inclusion levels of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) meal on growth performance, apparent digestibility and slaughter quality of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

The effect of low inclusion levels of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) meal on growth performance, apparent digestibility and slaughter quality of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Effect of Krill, Mussel and Fish Meals on Fatty Acid Profile, Carotenoid Content, Colour and Oxidation Properties of White Muscle in Arctic Charr (Salvelinus Alpinus L.)

Seasonal changes in muscle structure and flesh quality of 0+ and 1+ Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.): impact of feeding regime and possible roles of ghrelin

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