How are arbuscular mycorrhizal associations related to maize growth performance during short‐term cover crop rotation?

Higo, Masao; Takahashi, Yuichi; Gunji, Kento; Isobe, Katsunori

doi:10.1002/jsfa.8606

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Overall, our study showed a stimulation of AMF in the subsequent crop when fallow was replaced by barley CC but not when fallow was replaced by vetch. Our results agreed with other field experiments in which the use of grass CCs, such as winter wheat ( Kabir and Koide , ; Higo et al, ), oat and rye ( Kabir and Koide , ; White and Weil , ), and ryegrass ( Higo et al, ), increased mycorrhizal colonization from 26% to two times in the subsequent maize crop. The lack of positive effect of vetch CC on the AMF parameters is contrary to our first hypothesis and disagrees with some studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Various studies have reported positive relationships between AMF presence after CC and plant nutrient content, especially when the P cycle is the focus (Njeru et al, 2014). Because of the AMF benefits to nutrition, some studies have indicated a relation between increased AMF colonization provided by CCs and the main crop yield (Karasawa and Takebe, 2012;Higo et al, 2018b), although this issue is controversial (Ryan and Kirkegaard, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Legacy of eight‐year cover cropping on mycorrhizae, soil, and plants

García-González

Quemada

Gabriel

et al. 2018

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Cover crops (CCs) provide ecosystem services to agricultural systems by soil health enhancement. However, the long‐term legacy of CCs on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and subsequent main crop performance is unclear. The main objective of this work was to assess the 8‐year legacy of CCs on AMF activity and several soil and plant parameters during a subsequent maize (Zea mays L.) crop. The study was conducted in a field experiment established in 2006 under Mediterranean climate. Winter treatments were fallow and two CCs, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and vetch (Vicia sativa L.). We chose four sampling dates during maize development to evaluate the effect of CCs on AMF over time. Compared with fallow treatment, barley CC increased mycorrhizal colonization by 7%, the hyphae length by 39–124%, and AMF spores by 48–87%. However, contrary to expectations, vetch CC did not have any effect on AMF. Overall, earlier sampling dates better displayed treatment differences. Mycorrhizal colonization percentage demonstrated time‐sensitive values, whereas other AMF parameters (hyphae length, AMF spores) better maintained treatment differences over time. Mycorrhizal stimulation after barley increased maize shoot P concentration but shoot N was not increased despite the N deficit. Soil water stable aggregates were enhanced by barley CC (25–51% higher than fallow), notably related to the length of hyphae, AMF spores and glomalin content. Promotion of soil aggregation, nutritional state and plant height by CCs did not translate into maize yield increments. The main benefits of introducing CCs were related to the enhancement of soil quality and nutrient supply rather than to an increased yield of the following maize crop.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legacy of eight‐year cover cropping on mycorrhizae, soil, and plants

García-González

Quemada

Gabriel

et al. 2018

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…This could be one reason why P fertilizer input did not change the diversity of the AMF communities in tomato plants. Additionally, the impact of soil P on the diversity of AMF communities still remains a controversial subject, and the results could be related to P application rates [80], sampling times [83], host plant species [84,85], and agricultural management [86][87][88][89][90]. Our results were inconsistent regarding P fertilization on the diversity of AMF communities compared to previous reports.…”

Section: Effect Of P Fertilizer Level On the Amf Communities In Tomatcontrasting

confidence: 80%

Impact of Phosphorus Fertilization on Tomato Growth and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities

et al. 2020

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Understanding the impact of phosphorus (P) addition on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is crucial to understanding tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) P nutrition. However, it remains unknown how P fertilization is associated with the structure of AMF communities on tomato plants. Thus, we investigated whether levels of P fertilizer interacted with the colonization and structure of AMF in tomato roots in a field trial. In this study, we established three different amounts of P fertilizer treatments (0 kg ha −1 , 50 kg ha −1 , and 100 kg ha −1 ). We investigated AMF root colonization and community structure, as well as plant growth in tomatoes at seven weeks following transplantation. The structure of the AMF communities in the roots of tomato were determined by MiSeq amplicon sequencing. As expected, P fertilizer input enhanced the P uptake and plant biomass. In contrast, the P fertilizer level did not affect the AMF root colonization and diversity or the structure of the AMF communities in the tomato. However, we found a negative correlation between AMF colonization and richness in the roots of the tomato plants. Therefore, we need to investigate whether and how AMF communities and P fertilization develop more effective P management for tomato plants.

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“…Community composition in every OTU grouping shifted between spring and summer sampling times, including groupings not affected by cover crop species identity (i.e., Insect Pathogens and Abundant OTUs). Strong effects of season and/or time on fungal communities, especially AM fungi, from cover crop treatments have been observed elsewhere [34][35][36][37] . The two main disturbances that occurred between the spring and summer sampling events were the addition of bedded dairy manure and tillage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Genus-level abundances of OTUs assigned to the AM fungal group were dependent on cover crop identity, as well as CC Function. Previous studies have reported that cover crop effects on AM fungi, including biomass and community composition, seem to be dependent on cover crop species identity 19,21,23,25,[36][37][38][57][58][59] . Our study indicates that not only are the effects dependent on CC identity but they vary among genera of AM fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal community shifts in soils with varied cover crop treatments and edaphic properties

Cloutier

Murrell

Barbercheck

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Cover cropping is proposed to enhance soil microbial diversity and activity, with cover crop type affecting microbial groups in different ways. We compared fungal community compositions of bulk soils differing by cover crop treatment, season, and edaphic properties in the third year of an organic, conventionally tilled rotation of corn-soybean-wheat planted with winter cover crops. We used Illumina amplicon sequencing fungal assemblages to evaluate effects of nine treatments, each replicated four times, consisting of six single winter cover crop species, a three-species mixture, a six-species mixture, and fallow. Alpha-diversity of fungal communities was not affected by cover crop species identity, function, or diversity. Sampling season influenced community composition as well as genus-level abundances of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Cover crop mixtures, specifically the three-species mixture, had distinct AM fungal community compositions, while cereal rye and forage radish monocultures had unique Core OTU compositions. Soil texture, pH, permanganate oxidizable carbon, and chemical properties including Cu, and P were important variables in models of fungal OTU distributions across groupings. These results showed how fungal composition and potential functions were shaped by cover crop treatment as well as soil heterogeneity.Microbial diversity is an important aspect of soil health, as soil microbial communities mediate many biogeochemical processes and are sensitive to disturbances that can lead to long-lasting ecosystem effects 1 . Greater richness and evenness in the representation of bacteria and fungi in soils can help mitigate plant responses to environmental stressors 2 . With the advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies that allow for more detailed genetic information, we can determine if and how microbial compositions shift in response to disturbance and edaphic differences and, to some degree, what those changes may mean for ecosystem processes.Cover cropping is the practice of growing ground-covering crops during the intervals between successive cash crops. Cover cropping imparts numerous benefits to soil, including the addition of organic carbon (C) from roots, root exudates, and aboveground residues and the improvement of soil structure and tilth 3-5 . Ecosystem services provided by cover crops include protection from soil erosion, enhanced soil water-holding capacity, reduced weed colonization and growth, plant resilience to pathogens and increased crop yield 5,6 . Legume cover crops provide biologically fixed nitrogen (N), while grasses take up excess soil inorganic N and improve N retention. A complete suite of ecosystem services is not deliverable by any one cover crop species. Thus, planting mixtures of cover crops has been proposed as a means to provide varied combinations of ecosystem services based on the functional traits of individual cover crop species 5,7-10 .Cover crops may alter microbial community diversity and function by varying the types and composition of exuded C...

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How are arbuscular mycorrhizal associations related to maize growth performance during short‐term cover crop rotation?

Cited by 33 publications

References 60 publications

Legacy of eight‐year cover cropping on mycorrhizae, soil, and plants

Legacy of eight‐year cover cropping on mycorrhizae, soil, and plants

Impact of Phosphorus Fertilization on Tomato Growth and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities

Fungal community shifts in soils with varied cover crop treatments and edaphic properties

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