How are speech sound disorders perceived among children? A qualitative content analysis of focus group interviews with 10–11-year-old children

Abstract

The aims of this study were to identify children’s reactions towards speech sound disorders (SSD) in other children and whether these reactions can be related to specific speech characteristics. Six audio samples, each containing minute-long resumes of short animated film by five children with SSDs and one child with typical speech (TS), aged 5–9 years, were played back to 17 10–11-year-olds, during four focus group interviews. The transcribed interviews underwent a qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in five identified main themes of listener reactions, concerning the experiences as a listener, the perspective of the speaker, as well as observations of speech characteristics. Reactions of empathy were expressed towards a perceived misalignment between speaker age and speech production proficiency. Awareness of peer reactions are clinically useful, for the understanding and acknowledgement of everyday contextual factors of children with SSDs, during planning and motivation of speech intervention. The children’s self-selected terminology may serve future quantitative investigations to further determine the boundaries of acceptability towards SSDs as well as towards non-standard sociolects or language varieties.

Image Stitching Method and Implementation for Immersive 3D Ink Element Animation Production

“…There are three common ways to make 3D animated films, of which the first involves computer graphics technology. The second type will use parallel cameras for production, and the third type will use relevant algorithms and software [21]. To make the immersive 3D IEA better, the research uses a method that combines computer graphics technology and live shooting technology.…”