How Australia Compares

Tiffen, Rodney; Gittins, Ross

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511481598

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Australian journalists operate in a media system that exhibits a number of similarities to other major Western European and North American contexts (Jones and Pusey 2010). Its journalistic culture is heavily influenced by other Anglo-American countries, especially the UK, but also the US (Henningham 1998), with a strong public broadcasting system but also heavily commercialized media characterized by a high degree of ownership concentration (Tiffen and Gittins 2004). The digital transformation of media industries has led to increased precarity of working conditions, resulting in mass redundancies, and significant declines in circulation and profits among established media groups (Zion et al 2016), but also the arrival of a number of digital-only media players (Hanusch 2017a).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journalistic Homophily on Social Media

Hanusch

Nölleke

2018

Digital Journalism

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Journalists have for considerable time been criticized for living in their own bubbles, a phenomenon industry commentators have referred to as groupthink, while in scholarship the tendency of individuals to connect with people who are like them is termed homophily. This ageold process has come under scrutiny in recent times due to the arrival of social network sites, which have been viewed as both working against but also leading to more homophily. In journalism scholarship, these processes are still little understood, however. Focusing on the social network site Twitter and drawing on a large-scale analysis of more than 600,000 tweets sent by 2908 Australian journalists during one year, this study shows that journalists continue to live in bubbles in their online interactions with each other. Most journalists were more likely to interact with journalists who have the same gender, work in the same organization, on the same beat or in the same location. However, the study also demonstrates some notable exceptions as well as the importance of differentiating between types of interaction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journalistic Homophily on Social Media

Hanusch

Nölleke

2018

Digital Journalism

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“…Women in the United States in the year 2000 had a life expectancy 5.5 years longer than that of men (79.4 versus 73.9 years). 8 Caloric intake in one study of American women was 25% less than that in men. 9 Other factors contributing to differences in life expectancy of men and women are genes on the Y chromosome, sex hormones, and gender-related disease.…”

Section: Human Life Expectancy At Birthmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In 18 developed countries human life expectancy at birth has increased by 28 years between 1900 and 2000, a gain of almost 60%. 8 This increase in life expectancy at birth in United States is still continuing in the first decade of the 21st century at the rate of about 2 months per year. 10 During the 20th century there was a shift from infectious diseases to chronic degenerative diseases as major causes of death.…”

Section: Human Life Expectancy At Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 1980 deaths from heart disease have fallen on account of treatment with drugs and diet to lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol and by a significant decrease in cigarette smoking, which also reduced deaths from lung cancer. 12 From 1961 to 2000 the intake of calories increased by 30% in the United States and by 15% in Japan, 8 and this has led to an increased incidence of obesity and overweight in these countries. Despite this increase in body weight, life expectancy has continued to increase over this period in the United States and Japan.…”

Section: Human Life Expectancy At Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life Extension by Calorie Restriction in Humans

Everitt

Couteur

2007

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Long-term reduction in energy intake in the diet (calorie restriction [CR]) extends the life of the laboratory rat by about 25%. However, in humans there are no life-long studies of CR, but only short-term trials which indicate that 20% CR acting over periods of 2-6 years is associated with reduced body weight, blood pressure, blood cholesterol, and blood glucose--risk factors for the major killer diseases of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In addition, recent research has shown that CR for 6 months is able to improve biomarkers for longevity (deep body temperature and plasma insulin) and thus should increase life expectancy. The magnitude of the life-extension effect of CR in humans can only be estimated. The Okinawans, the longest-lived people on earth, consume 40% fewer calories than the Americans and live only 4 years longer. Similarly, women in United States consume 25% fewer calories than men and live 5 years longer. From the survival studies of overweight and obese people, it is estimated that long-term CR to prevent excessive weight gain could add only 3-13 years to life expectancy. Thus the effects of CR on human life extension are probably much smaller than those achieved by medical and public health interventions, which have extended life by about 30 years in developed countries in the 20th century, by greatly reducing deaths from infections, accidents, and cardiovascular disease.

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“…Australia has the highest concentration of newspaper ownership of comparable countries. 31 Powerful Australian newspaper owners have exerted significant influence over the conduct of politics and traditionally had close links to particular politicians. 32 It is therefore fully consistent with newspaper-politician relations in Australia that MPs would be open to an argument about the impact of broadcasting parliament on the commercial interests of newspapers and that this would be the basis for allowing newspaper photographers access to parliament.…”

Section: The Australian Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Press Photography and Visual Censorship in the Australian Parliament

Young

2018

Aus J of Politics History

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Still photography is an important medium for visually communicating — and scrutinising — the power of elected representatives. However, it has been severely restricted by parliaments. Surprisingly, the photographs taken by press photographers have been viewed as a larger threat to parliamentary dignity than other seemingly more powerful media, such as television. This article analyses parliaments’ “extraordinary sensitivity to photography”1 by conducting a comparative, historical examination of press photography in five national parliaments — Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. The article discusses historical milestones in media access for each of these parliaments, but focuses particularly upon the unusual case of the Australian Parliament and its rules on still photography. The author draws upon interviews conducted with Australian press photographers, as well as an analysis of primary material — including parliamentary guidelines on media access, photographs, newspaper reports, parliamentary debates, inquiry reports and submissions.

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How Australia Compares

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Journalistic Homophily on Social Media

Journalistic Homophily on Social Media

Life Extension by Calorie Restriction in Humans

Press Photography and Visual Censorship in the Australian Parliament

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