2011
DOI: 10.1215/03616878-1222739
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How Brazil Outpaced the United States When It Came to Aids: The Politics of Civic Infiltration, Reputation, and Strategic Internationalization

Abstract: Using a temporal approach dividing the reform process into two periods, this article explains how both Brazil and the United States were slow to respond to AIDS. However, Brazil eventually outpaced the United States in its response due to international rather than democratic pressures. Since the early 1990s, Brazil's success has been attributed to "strategic internationalization": the concomitant acceptance and rejection of global pressure for institutional change and antiretroviral treatment, respectively. Th… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(29 citation statements)
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“…surpasses the Unites States in the effectiveness of its HIV/AIDS program (Gómez, 2011;Kerrigan, 2010;Mahmood & Muntaner, 2013;Parker, 2011;Sweet, 2013). This has been accompanied by the development of broad-based participatory mechanisms, such as health councils and municipal planning boards (Avritzer, 2012 (IMF, 2013).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…surpasses the Unites States in the effectiveness of its HIV/AIDS program (Gómez, 2011;Kerrigan, 2010;Mahmood & Muntaner, 2013;Parker, 2011;Sweet, 2013). This has been accompanied by the development of broad-based participatory mechanisms, such as health councils and municipal planning boards (Avritzer, 2012 (IMF, 2013).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This article discussed political elites' long commitment to providing universal access to medicine, culminating with the decentralized provision of HIV/AIDS treatment by 1996. Although other researchers have found the decentralized distribution of drugs to be ineffective [29], this provided evidence of enduring elite beliefs in the universal distribution of medicine, suggesting a tentative score of "1" for the presence of institutional legitimacy.…”
Section: Measurement and Datamentioning
confidence: 81%
“…As the work of Gómez [29] highlights, bureaucrats seeking to expand the national HIV/AIDS program strategically used the simultaneous rise of international pressures for reform and partnerships with AIDS NGOs to increase their legitimacy and success in gradually using the AIDS program for alternative ends: instead of a complete reliance on decentralization, bureaucrats sought to overcome decentralization's limitations through a centralized control over municipal AIDS policy via the usage of discretionary fiscal transfers and informal partnerships with NGOs. This displays a high level of elite strategic vision, leadership, and innovation.…”
Section: Reevaluating Health Governance and Institutionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Previous studies indicate a broad consensus that Brazil and India are most engaged in the global debate on access to medicines (Teixeira 2003;Nunn et al 2009;Gómez 2011Gómez , 2012. India was a key partner in the early negotiations in 2001 and then in 2003, Brazil, India and South Africa signed the Brasilia Declaration (Armijo 2007), working together to secure flexibilities in the implementation of TRIPS to ensure access (Rolland 2007;Yu 2008).…”
Section: Degree Of Engagement In Global Health Negotiationsmentioning
confidence: 99%