How can the health belief model and self-determination theory predict both influenza vaccination and vaccination intention ? A longitudinal study among university students

Abstract

Background and objective Seasonal influenza is frequent among students and often responsible for impaired academic performance and lower levels of general health. However, the vaccination rate in this population is very low. As the seasonal influenza vaccine is not compulsory in France, it is important to improve the vaccination uptake by identifying predictors of both intention and behaviour. This study investigated the effect of decisional balance, motivation and self-efficacy on vaccination acceptance using the Extended Health Belief Model (HBM) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Design and Main Outcome Measures University students were invited to fill in an online survey to answer questions about their influenza vaccination intention, and HBM and SDT constructs. A one-year longitudinal follow-up study investigated vaccination behaviour. Results Autonomous motivation and self-efficacy significantly influenced the intention to have the influenza vaccine, and vaccine behaviour at one-year follow-up. Intention predicted a significant proportion of variation (51%) in behaviour, and mediated the effect of these predictors on vaccination behaviour. Conclusion These results suggest that motivation concepts of the Self-Determination Theory can be adequately combined with the Health Belief Model to understand vaccination behaviour.

The Effects of Family-Centered Education Based on the Health Belief Model on Knowledge and Attitude Among the Parents of Children with Asthma: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

“…Another finding of the present study was that HBMbased family-centered education was effective in fostering parents' positive attitude towards healthcare providers' recommendations and their perceptions about the benefits of such recommendations. Similarly, a former study reported that HBM-based education positively affected behaviors related to influenza vaccination (23). Therefore, in their educational programs for children with chronic conditions (such as asthma) and their parents, healthcare providers need to focus on the benefits of behavior modification.…”

Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices (KAP) of Italian Occupational Physicians towards Tick Borne Encephalitis

“…Such results were not unexpected. On the one hand, the Health Belief Model points out that personal experiences and knowledge status are the logical prerequisites to raise risk perception, which in turn promotes behavioral adaptations [ 22 , 28 ]. On the other hand, Occupational Physicians acknowledging TBE as a severe disease were less frequently promoting TBE vaccine among high-risk groups.…”

“…On the other hand, Occupational Physicians acknowledging TBE as a severe disease were less frequently promoting TBE vaccine among high-risk groups. These results may appear as inconsistent, or even openly in opposition with the basic assumption that a better understanding of the risk associated with a certain disorder will ultimately increase the acceptance of countermeasures [ 22 , 28 ], but it should be stressed that with an overall annual incidence of 0.1 cases/100,000 people, TBE remains an uncommon event for the majority of professionals not working in high-risk areas [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Previous studies on KAP of Italian OP have shown significant knowledge gaps and misunderstandings on up-to-date vaccinology [ 18 , 20 ].…”

“…Moreover, occupational physicians (OP) should actively inform workers about occupational risk factors, including vectors and microorganisms. As prevention of TBE may also benefit from several environmental (e.g., pesticide treatment of the working environment) and behavioral (e.g., promoting self-assessment for tick bites at the end of outdoor activities) interventions, the assessment of knowledge (i.e., the awareness of official recommendations), attitudes (i.e., propensity towards a certain intervention), and practices (i.e., actual application of such intervention)—or knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP)—of occupational physicians towards TBE and TBE vaccine, they can be useful in order to improve the health and safety of high-risk outdoor workers [ 10 , 14 , 22 ].…”

Office-Based Educational Handout for Influenza Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…9,[11][12][13] Health care providers create promotional health information resources to educate and encourage behavior change in parents and patients. [14][15][16][17] The content and wording of educational handouts are important to examine carefully. For example, pro-vaccine educational handouts attempting to disprove myths or change parental views may reduce measles-mumps-rubella vaccination intention among parents who are vaccine hesitant.…”