How cell textures impact angular cell-to-module ratios and the annual yield of crystalline solar modules

Haedrich, Ingrid; Thomson, Andrew; Zheng, Peiting; Zhang, Xinyu; Jin, Hao; Macdonald, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2018.04.006

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…As can be seen in Figure , the best results occur for the nonencapsulated cell in agreement with Haedrich et al However, normalized short‐circuit current losses are lower than 5% for incident angles in the −50 to 50° range in the black mini‐module and could be even lower using an antireflection‐coated PV‐quality glass, ie, <5% losses in the −60° < θ < 60° range.…”

Section: Ibc Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The near‐zero reflectance is achieved by the nanostructures because of a gradual refraction index variation from the air to the silicon. Another important advantage of b‐Si is the low incidence light angle dependence of surface reflectance increasing the daily, monthly, and yearly PV energy production independently of the location latitude …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important advantage of b-Si is the low incidence light angle dependence of surface reflectance increasing the daily, monthly, and yearly PV energy production independently of the location latitude. 3 Black silicon surfaces can be achieved using different techniques that can be easily incorporated in the PV industry such as metalassisted wet-chemical etching (MACE), dry reactive ion etching (RIE), inductive couple plasma-reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE), laser structuring, and electrochemical etching. 4 Additionally, collateral benefits of b-Si have arisen recently improving low-cost substrates by removing saw surface damage in diamond-wire-sawn (DWS) wafers 5 or increasing the gettering effect during doping diffusion on Czochralski (CZ) c-Si solar cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Black silicon back‐contact module with wide light acceptance angle

Ortega

Garín

Gastrow

et al. 2019

Progress in Photovoltaics

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In this work, a photovoltaic mini‐module combining interdigitated back‐contacted solar cells with black silicon in the front was implemented as a proof of concept. The module consists of nine solar cells connected in series with an active area of 86.5 cm2. Both the assembly and panel encapsulation were made using industrial back‐contact module technology. Noticeable photovoltaic efficiencies of 18.1% and 19.9% of the whole module and the best individual cell of the module, respectively, demonstrate that fragile nanostructures can withstand standard module fabrication stages. Open‐circuit voltage and fill factor values of 5.76 V and 81.6%, respectively, reveal that series interconnection between cells works as expected, confirming a good ohmic contact between cell busbars and the conductive backsheet. Additionally, the excellent quasi‐omnidirectional antireflection properties of black silicon surfaces prevail at module level, as it is corroborated by light incidence angle dependence measurements of the short‐circuit current parameter.

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Section: Ibc Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Black silicon back‐contact module with wide light acceptance angle

Ortega

Garín

Gastrow

et al. 2019

Progress in Photovoltaics

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show abstract

“…Similarly, the spectral and angular dependence of incoming irradiance must be taken into account for accuracy-errors of up to 15% in output estimation for mono-crystalline silicon modules have been demonstrated without this quantification [6]. These become especially important for cells incorporating nanophotonic modifications [7] which promote light redirection [8] or trapping [9]. Various ray-tracing algorithms have been developed to understand the albedo-dependent PV output [10,11,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Output Enhancement of Bifacial Solar Modules Under Diffuse and Specular Albedo

Pal

Saive

2021

2021 IEEE 48th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)

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We present an albedo-centric reverse-ray tracing software to model the influence of albedo surfaces with complex spectro-angular reflectance (i.e. diffuse, glossy, specular, and metamaterials) on the short-circuit current density of a bifacial module. We find that for a silicon heterojunction module, a diffuse albedo leads to higher output and is more robust to self-shading and changes in orientation than a specular reflector. Our approach enables detailed and accurate albedo-dependent output calculation for various known and even exotic reflectors. Such a methodology can be used to design optimal reflectors and determine optimal configurations.

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“…Properly accounting for all these effects requires knowledge on the spectral and angular irradiance. 3) Various emerging light management strategies also impart angular dependences [16]- [21], thus, emphasizing on the need to take into account the spectral and angular profile of the incoming irradiance to calculate PV performance. Traditionally, the AM 1.5 spectrum [22] is used as the standard incoming irradiance, neglecting that in reality, irradiance depends on location [23], time of the day [24] and year [25], local climate [26] and weather [27], cloud coverage [28], and surroundings [29].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Bifacial and Monofacial Silicon Solar Cell Short-Circuit Current Density Under Measured Spectro-Angular Solar Irradiance

Pal

Reinders

Saive

2020

IEEE J. Photovoltaics

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In this article, we simulated the performance of bifacial and monofacial silicon heterojunction solar cells under measured spectro-angular solar irradiance. We developed a new setup and procedure to measure spectro-angular irradiance over a wide range of orientations. Measurements were executed in Enschede, the Netherlands (52 • 23 N, 6 • 85 E). Using this measured multi-dimensional input irradiance along with SunSolve simulated external quantum efficiency for various cells, we determined the short-circuit current density of bifacial and monofacial silicon heterojunction solar cells. We conclude that monofacial cells perform marginally better than bifacial cells for front-side illumination (up to 3.0% more for direct sun) and bifacial cells perform significantly better than monofacial cells (higher output ranging from 20.1% to 68.1%), under diffuse irradiance. We compared our results with a well-monitored roof-top solar module setup and found good agreement for clear sky days (accuracy 1.1%-8.5%).

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How cell textures impact angular cell-to-module ratios and the annual yield of crystalline solar modules

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Black silicon back‐contact module with wide light acceptance angle

Black silicon back‐contact module with wide light acceptance angle

Output Enhancement of Bifacial Solar Modules Under Diffuse and Specular Albedo

Simulation of Bifacial and Monofacial Silicon Solar Cell Short-Circuit Current Density Under Measured Spectro-Angular Solar Irradiance

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