How close to nature is close-to-nature pine silviculture?

Bílek, Lukáš; Vacek, Stanislav; Vacek, Zdeněk; Remeš, J.; Král, Jan; Bulušek, Daniel; Gallo, Josef

doi:10.17221/98/2015-jfs

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The spatial pattern of natural regeneration on permanent research plots 1-6 expressed by Lfunction in 2016; the black line represents the L-function for real distances of recruits; the bold grey line represents the mean course for random spatial distribution and the two thinner central curves represent 95% interval of reliability; when the black line of recruits distribution on the plots is under (below) this interval, it indicates a tendency of recruits toward aggregation (regular) distribution ecosystems are rightfully receiving more and more attention (Popa et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2017). The structure and growth of pine stands in the Czech Republic were dealt with by Bílek et al (2016); or Sharma et al (2017). The dynamics of relict pine stands in relation to environmental conditions were dealt with in the Czech Republic by Bílek et al (2016) and Vacek et al (2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structure and growth of pine stands in the Czech Republic were dealt with by Bílek et al (2016); or Sharma et al (2017). The dynamics of relict pine stands in relation to environmental conditions were dealt with in the Czech Republic by Bílek et al (2016) and Vacek et al (2017). The main characteristics of spontaneous development of natural pine stands in given conditions are high age of individual trees in the upper story, extraordinary regeneration capacity with predominantly clustered spatial distribution of seedlings and saplings, and a significant increase of dead wood during the monitoring period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, the forests left to spontaneous development can be an important source of information for understanding natural processes and deriving procedures of close-to-nature silviculture (Burrascano et al, 2011;Petritan et al, 2014;Puettmann et al, 2015;Bílek et al, 2016). Understanding the forest development in response to natural disturbances and changing environmental conditions is very important for the setting of management approaches and measures (Pham et al, 2004;Dobrowolska & Veblen, 2008;Durak & Durak, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stand dynamics in natural Scots pine forests as a model for adaptation management?

Vacek¹,

Vacek²,

Bílek³

et al. 2020

Dendrobiology

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The paper deals with the dynamics of structure, diversity and growth of natural pine stands without direct human impact during the ten-year period in Nature Reserve (NR) Kostelecké bory, Czech Republic. The objective was to determine the main characteristics of the spontaneous development of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest stands in relation to their naturalness, ecological stability and adaptation to climate change and air pollution stress. Horizontal and vertical structure and species diversity of the tree layer, dead wood and natural regeneration of each permanent research plot (PRP) were evaluated (n = 6, 50 × 50 m /0.25 ha/, Northern Bohemia, 410-425 m above sea level). The average ring series of PRPs were correlated with the climatic data (precipitation, temperature) according to individual years from the Doksy climatic station, and the air pollution data (SO 2 in 1988-2015, NO X and AOT40F-ozone exposure in 1992-2015) from Radimovice station. In 2016, the stand volume increased by 26.0% to 136 m 3 ha −1 (108 m 3 ha −1 in 2006) and the volume of dead wood increase by 127.2% to 27 m 3 ha −1 (12 m 3 ha −1 in 2006). The horizontal structure of tree layer and natural regeneration was predominantly aggregated to random. More distinct changes in biodiversity and structural characteristics occurred in the natural regeneration (21.5%) compared to tree layer (2.8%). The precipitation had a significantly higher effect on radial growth compared to temperature. The lack of precipitation in growing season and high temperature in previous autumn and winter were limiting factors for growth. Climatic factors had significant effect on diameter increment in July of the current year (P < 0.01) and June of the current and previous year (P < 0.05). Radial growth was negatively correlated with SO 2 concentrations (P < 0.01) and ozone exposure (P < 0.05). NO X concentrations had low effect on radial growth. The natural stand dynamics had positive effect on biodiversity and functional integrity of natural pine ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Stand dynamics in natural Scots pine forests as a model for adaptation management?

Vacek¹,

Vacek²,

Bílek³

et al. 2020

Dendrobiology

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“…The principle of self-regulation is the basis of the original forest development (Veblen 1992). The original autochthonous and natural forests are suitable model objects from this point of view (Král et al 2015;Bílek et al 2016). Natural forest communities as complex living organisms at the highest hierarchical level have a prominent tendency to homeostasis (Mayer, Ott 1991;Vacek 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamics of mixed lowland forests in Central Bohemia over a 20-year period

Vančura¹,

Prokůpková²,

Balušek³

et al. 2020

J. For. Sci.

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The paper deals with the effect of environmental factors and management on various mixed lowland forests in the Medník National Natural Monument, Czech Republic, over a 20-year period. The objectives were to evaluate the structure, production, dynamics and radial growth in relation to climatic conditions in the mixed hornbeam-oak, herb-rich beech and spruce forest stands. The tree density decreased by 8.5% (to 120–1,364 trees·ha–1), while stand volume increased by 28.0% (to 244–767 m3·ha–1) from 1998 to 2018. Large-leaved lime (Tilia platyphyllos Scop.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst.) showed high variability and sensitivity to climatic factors in radial growth compared to stability and resistance in sessile oak (Quercus petraea /Matt./ Liebl.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). April, June and July were determined as the most significant months in relation to diameter increment. The synergism of precipitation deficit and high air temperature was a limiting factor of growth in the studied lowland area. The frequency of negative pointer years with extremely low radial growth has been increasing recently. Generally, hornbeam-oak stands are characterized by rich structure, high density and lower productivity, herb-rich beech stands represent rich structured productive forests and spruce forests are very productive stands but with low ecological stability.

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“…It is a long-term goal of forest management to leave significant parts of specially protected areas to spontaneous development (Götmark 2009;Šimůnek et al 2019Prokůpková et al 2020), allowing for establishment of more diversified, i.e. more resistant stands Seidl et al 2016;Bílek et al 2016;Hájek et al 2020) that can provide a wide range of ecosystem services (Gamfeldt et al 2013;Mina et al 2018). In most areas of protection, specific management focusing on the main nature conservation theme is applied (DeFries et al 2007), which is -in this case -maintaining and improving the northernmost population of dog's tooth violets (E. dens-canis L.; Liliaceae) in Europe.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of structure and dynamics of forests on the occurrence of Erythronium dens-canis

Vacek¹,

Linda²,

Králíček³

et al. 2020

J. For. Sci.

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The paper presents the results of a study on the impact of forest stand structure and development in 1998 to 2018 on the occurrence of dog’s tooth violets (Erythronium dens-canis L.) in the Medník National Nature Monument, Czech Republic. The research was carried out in mixed European hornbeam and sessile oak stands, herb-rich European beech stands and the Sázava-river Norway spruce ecotype stands. The site and stand characteristics of the following three forest stand types were compared: 1) oak-hornbeam forests, 2) herb-rich beech forests and 3) secondary spruce forests. The results showed that the ratio of sterile and fertile plants was 2.9 to 1. The occurrence of E. dens-canis was higher in older stands with differentiated structure. On the contrary, stands characterized by a higher number of trees and basal area negatively affected the population size of E. dens‑canis. Significantly, the density of E. dens-canis decreased with increasing stand density index (SDI) and increased with increasing diameter differentiation index in relation to tree neighbours (TMd). During the period of 20 years, the E. dens-canis population increased by 40.4% on permanent research plots, while the highest changes were observed on spruce plots (+92.1%) and the lowest increase was in oak-hornbeam forests (+18.0%). The highest numbers of E. dens-canis plants were found in herb-rich beech forests (1 774 plants·ha–1), lower numbers occurred in oak-hornbeam forests (784 plants·ha–1) and minimal in secondary spruce forests (51 plants·ha–1).

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How close to nature is close-to-nature pine silviculture?

Cited by 23 publications

References 60 publications

Stand dynamics in natural Scots pine forests as a model for adaptation management?

Stand dynamics in natural Scots pine forests as a model for adaptation management?

Dynamics of mixed lowland forests in Central Bohemia over a 20-year period

Effect of structure and dynamics of forests on the occurrence of Erythronium dens-canis

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