How corporate America grieves: responses to September 11 in public relations advertising

Kinnick, Katherine N.

doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2003.08.006

Cited by 12 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In the days following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, American newspapers were filled with corporate advertising that mainly focused on donations and patriotic appeals (Kinnick, ). After the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 and Hurricane Katrina in the United States in 2005, numerous companies donated both time and resources to assist the victims of those disasters (Fernando, ; Westley, Murphy, & Anderson, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Using CSR Theory to Examine Disaster Aid Response to the Wenchuan Earthquake

et al. 2015

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What determines a company's response to a devastating calamity, whether near or far? A study of 454 publicly listed Chinese firms that contributed to relief efforts to aid the victims of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake revealed that a variety of factors can influence the level of corporate disaster aid. These include the company's total assets, the degree of contact with customers, stakeholders’ perceptions, media coverage, and even the length of time that top executives have occupied their position. These findings can guide business leaders in designing and implementing corporate social responsibility strategies that both deliver effective and compassionate assistance to those in need and are aligned with organizational resources and objectives. ©2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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confidence: 99%

Using CSR Theory to Examine Disaster Aid Response to the Wenchuan Earthquake

et al. 2015

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“…Corporate advertising, also termed institutional or image advertising, aims to create awareness of a company itself and enhance its reputation. It includes ads that seek to promote a certain image for the company, advocate the company's position on political, economic, and social issues, or rectify unfavorable perceptions of the company (Kinnick 2003;Sinclair and Irani 2005). Historically, public criticisms of corporations in relation to environmental (e.g., oil spills) and social issues (e.g., gender pay gap) motivated the use of corporate advertising to shape companies' profiles as good, responsible citizens (Schuman, Hathcote, and West 1991).…”

Section: Advertising In Response To Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, understanding advertising's role in compassion organizing process extends our conceptions of advertising goals. While the direct goal of advertising is to promote a brand, advertising is also used to respond to crisis situations be it a public health crisis, a national crisis or a corporate crisis (Bush and Boller 1991;Kim 2013;Kinnick 2003). Previous research has categorized such type of advertising under the umbrella of corporate advertising; however, it has not theorized how corporate advertising speaks to care deficits amid crises.…”

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Brands Expressing Compassion and Care through Advertising

Ertimur

Coskuner-Balli

2021

Journal of Advertising

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In this article we examine how brands express compassion and care through their advertising amid the Covid-19 crisis. Drawing from organizational theory research, we theorize how brands enact compassion organizing, which refers to the process of noticing, feeling, and responding to human suffering in a coordinated manner. We employ a grounded theory inspired Gioia methodology to analyze more than 200 pandemic-related ads that were released in the United States over a six-month period. The findings reveal three main themes of compassion organizing-solidarity, trust, and resilience-and showcase how brands may use advertising to address care deficits in times of crisis. The study underscores the institutional role of advertising and brands and informs extant research on corporate advertising and cultural branding.

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“…Second, in the area of advertising, authors have studied how nationalistic appeals embedded in brand communication affect brand preferences. For instance, following the events on "9/11", numerous US brands such as Chrysler or General Motors used advertising that expressed compassion for victims and supported patriotism (Kinnick 2003;McMellon and Long 2006). Such advertising not only served to enhance consumer trust in national US brands, but also instilled the idea into people's minds that it is one's fundamental moral and civic duty to engage in consumerism and support American brands in particular (Tsai 2010).…”

Section: Nationalism and Nationalistic Appealsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Nationalistic Appeals Affect Foreign Luxury Brand Reputation: A Study of Ambivalent Effects

2020

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Drawing from cognitive learning theories we hypothesize that exposure to nationalistic appeals that suggest consumers should shun foreign brands for moral reasons increases the general belief in consumers that buying foreign brands is morally wrong. In parallel, drawing from the theory of psychological reactance we posit that such appeals may, against their communication goal, increase the reputation of foreign luxury brands. We term the juxtaposition of these apparently contradictory effects the "Ambivalence Hypothesis." Further, drawing from prior research on source-similarity effects we posit that foreign luxury brands that communicate cultural proximity to target consumers (i.e., a local brand positioning) reinforce psychological reactance ("Clean Conscience Hypothesis"). We test these hypotheses experimentally in the context of luxury car brand advertising in China, a market that is heavily dominated by foreign brands, and therefore provides a breeding ground for ambivalent consumer reactions. Results show that exposure to nationalistic appeals enhances consumers' national identity dispositions (patriotism, local identity), which results in higher levels of consumer ethnocentrism. Further, nationalistic appeals enhance the social responsibility associations that consumers hold for foreign luxury brands and their countries of origin, which results in a higher brand reputation. Finally, effects of nationalistic appeals on foreign luxury brand reputation are positively stronger for brands using a local vs. a foreign or a global positioning. These findings suggest that nationalistic appeals are a double-edged sword with important implications for ethics in political communication and luxury brand marketing.

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How corporate America grieves: responses to September 11 in public relations advertising

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Using CSR Theory to Examine Disaster Aid Response to the Wenchuan Earthquake

Using CSR Theory to Examine Disaster Aid Response to the Wenchuan Earthquake

Brands Expressing Compassion and Care through Advertising

How Nationalistic Appeals Affect Foreign Luxury Brand Reputation: A Study of Ambivalent Effects

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