How cute do I sound to you?: gender and age effects in the use and evaluation of Korean baby-talk register, Aegyo

Jang, Hayeun

doi:10.1016/j.langsci.2020.101289

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Phonological patterns and sound-symbolic patterns share two important properties, stochasticity and cumulativity, both of which follow naturally from a MaxEnt grammar. This conclusion in turn implies that sound symbolism may not be as irrelevant to formal phonological theory as has been assumed in the past, echoing the claim recently made by several researchers (Alderete & Kochetov 2017, Kumagai 2019, Jang 2020, Kawahara 2020b, Shih 2020). 17 If this hypothesis is on the right track, one question that arises is how closely these two systems are related to one another.…”

Section: Phonological Patterns and Sound-symbolic Patternssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…To the extent that cumulativity is a general property of phonological patterns (McPherson & Hayes 2016, Zuraw & Hayes 2017, Breiss 2020, Hayes 2020, and if sound-symbolic effects show similar cumulative properties, then we may conclude that there exists a non-trivial parallel between phonological patterns and sound-symbolic patterns (Kawahara 2020a). This parallel would lend some credibility to the hypothesis that sound symbolism is a part of 'core' linguistic knowledge, as has recently been argued (Alderete & Kochetov 2017, Kumagai 2019, Jang 2020, Kawahara 2020a, b, Shih 2020. This is a rather radical conclusion, given the fact that sound symbolism has long been considered as being outside the purview of theoretical linguistics.…”

Section: A Wug-shaped Curvesupporting

confidence: 62%

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A wug-shaped curve in sound symbolism: the case of Japanese Pokémon names

Kawahara

2020

Phonology

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An experiment showed that Japanese speakers’ judgement of Pokémons’ evolution status on the basis of nonce names is affected both by mora count and by the presence of a voiced obstruent. The effects of mora count are a case of counting cumulativity, and the interaction between the two factors a case of ganging-up cumulativity. Together, the patterns result in what Hayes (2020) calls ‘wug-shaped curves’, a quantitative signature predicted by MaxEnt. I show in this paper that the experimental results can indeed be successfully modelled with MaxEnt, and also that Stochastic Optimality Theory faces an interesting set of challenges. The study was inspired by a proposal made within formal phonology, and reveals important previously understudied aspects of sound symbolism. In addition, it demonstrates how cumulativity is manifested in linguistic patterns. The work here shows that formal phonology and research on sound symbolism can be mutually beneficial.

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Section: Phonological Patterns and Sound-symbolic Patternssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: A Wug-shaped Curvesupporting

confidence: 62%

A wug-shaped curve in sound symbolism: the case of Japanese Pokémon names

Kawahara

2020

Phonology

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“…5/37 whom the relationships between phonetic considerations and phonological patterns have always been an important theoretical issue (see Zsiga 2020 for a review). 3 In addition, a few recent studies have demonstrated that phonological factors may influence sound symbolic patterns (Dingemanse and Thompson 2020;Jang 2021), which implies that there should be more communication between the research on sound symbolism on the one hand, and phonetics/phonology research on the other. This paper offers an attempt to facilitate this communication.…”

Section: Phonetic Bases Of Sound Symbolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phonetic bases of sound symbolism: A review

Kawahara¹

2021

Preprint

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While the relationships between sounds and meanings are generally arbitrary in human languages, we do observe cases in which systematic correspondences hold between sounds and meanings, at least as stochastic tendencies. When such systematic sound-meaning relationships appear to be modulated by iconicity, we refer to these relationships as ``sound symbolism,'' although defining precisely what it means for a sound to be iconic of its meaning can be difficult. Nevertheless, in many cases, systematic associations between particular meanings and particular sounds seem to make phonetic sense, i.e., sound symbolic meanings appear to have their roots in the articulatory and/or acoustic properties of sounds under question. This paper reviews these sound symbolic patterns together with their phonetic underpinnings, both in terms of their articulatory and acoustic characteristics. While the aim of this review is not to establish a new theory of sound symbolism, two conclusions nevertheless emerge from the survey: (1) phonetic and phonological considerations do seem to offer insights into the patterning of systematic sound-meaning correspondences that are recurrently found in natural languages and (2) we need to take both articulatory and acoustics factors into account when we consider the phonetic bases of sound symbolism. It is hoped that this review can serve as a useful guide for all researchers who work on sound symbolism.

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“…Sound symbolism has long been considered as residing outside the purview of 'the core' phonological knowledge (Alderete & Kochetov, 2017;Kawahara, 2020b). However, the current results point to a hypothesis that sound symbolism may not be as irrelevant to formal phonology as it used to be believed, a hypothesis that is recently being put forth by several researchers (Alderete & Kochetov, 2017;Jang, 2020;Kawahara, 2020b;Kumagai, 2019;Shih, 2020). Some of these studies even argue that phonological systems and sound symbolic principles are integrated so tightly that sound symbolic principles can trigger phonological alternations (Alderete & Kochetov, 2017;Jang, 2020;Kumagai, 2019).…”

Section: Formal Phonology and Research On Sound Symbolismmentioning

confidence: 63%

Exploring the nature of cumulativity in sound symbolism: Experimental studies of Pokémonastics with English speakers

Kawahara

Breiss

2021

Laboratory Phonology: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Phonology

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There has been a dramatic rise of interest in sound symbolism, systematic associations between sounds and meanings. Despite this, one aspect that is still markedly under-explored is its cumulative nature, i.e., when there are two or more sounds with the same symbolic meaning, whether these effects add up or not. These questions are important to address, since they bear on the general question of how speakers take into account multiple sources of evidence when they make linguistic decisions. Inspired by an accumulating body of research on cumulativity in other linguistic patterns, two experiments on sound symbolism using Pokémon names were conducted with native speakers of English. The experiments tested two types of cumulativity: counting cumulativity, which holds if the effects of multiple instances of the same factor add up, and ganging-up cumulativity, which holds when the effects of different factors add up. The experiments addressed whether these patterns of cumulativity hold in sound symbolism, and, more importantly, if so, how. We found that (1) three factors can show ganging-up cumulativity, (2) counting cumulativity and ganging-up cumulativity can coexist in a single system, (3) ganging-up cumulativity patterns can plausibly be considered to be linear, and (4) counting cumulativity effects can be sub-linear.

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How cute do I sound to you?: gender and age effects in the use and evaluation of Korean baby-talk register, Aegyo

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

A wug-shaped curve in sound symbolism: the case of Japanese Pokémon names

A wug-shaped curve in sound symbolism: the case of Japanese Pokémon names

Phonetic bases of sound symbolism: A review

Exploring the nature of cumulativity in sound symbolism: Experimental studies of Pokémonastics with English speakers

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