How design characteristics of robots determine evaluation and uncanny valley related responses

Pütten, Astrid M. Rosenthal‐von der; Krämer, Nicole C.

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.066

Cited by 142 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This result is promising for designing future research related to UVH. The observed correlation is in line with studies reporting that individual attitudes toward robots influence how subjects interact with robots [19,15,17,9]. The correlation between the aforementioned question and the BNHU result is also in line with results of previous studies [17,9].…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

Attitude Towards Humanoid Robots and the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis

Łupkowski

Gierszewska²

2019

Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences

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The main aim of the presented study was to check whether the wellestablished measures concerning the attitude towards humanoid robots are good predictors for the uncanny valley effect. We present a study in which 12 computer rendered humanoid models were presented to our subjects. Their declared comfort level was cross-referenced with the Belief in Human Nature Uniqueness (BHNU) and the Negative Attitudes toward Robots that Display Human Traits (NARHT) scales. Subsequently, there was no evidence of a statistical significance between these scales and the existence of the uncanny valley phenomenon. However, correlations between expected stress level while human-robot interaction and both BHNU, as well as NARHT scales, were found. The study covered also the evaluation of the perceived robots' characteristic and the emotional response to them.

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supporting

confidence: 91%

Attitude Towards Humanoid Robots and the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis

Łupkowski

Gierszewska²

2019

Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences

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“…The uncanny valley theory's assumption that human-likeness and machine-likeness are the extreme ends of the same dimension has been questioned in recent studies [26]. Certain robot pictures were rated as low on human-likeness but also less “mechanical” suggesting that these need to be considered as separate dimensions in the assessment of appearance [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain robot pictures were rated as low on human-likeness but also less “mechanical” suggesting that these need to be considered as separate dimensions in the assessment of appearance [26]. Moreover, the criteria on which participants evaluate human likeness of a robot appearance are not explicit in surveys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Some Humanoid Faces Are Perceived More Positively Than Others: Effects of Human-Likeness and Task

Prakash

Rogers

2014

Int J of Soc Robotics

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Ample research in social psychology has highlighted the importance of the human face in human–human interactions. However, there is a less clear understanding of how a humanoid robot's face is perceived by humans. One of the primary goals of this study was to investigate how initial perceptions of robots are influenced by the extent of human-likeness of the robot's face, particularly when the robot is intended to provide assistance with tasks in the home that are traditionally carried out by humans. Moreover, although robots have the potential to help both younger and older adults, there is limited knowledge of whether the two age groups' perceptions differ. In this study, younger (N = 32) and older adults (N = 32) imagined interacting with a robot in four different task contexts and rated robot faces of varying levels of human-likeness. Participants were also interviewed to assess their reasons for particular preferences. This multi-method approach identified patterns of perceptions across different appearances as well as reasons that influence the formation of such perceptions. Overall, the results indicated that people's perceptions of robot faces vary as a function of robot human-likeness. People tended to over-generalize their understanding of humans to build expectations about a human-looking robot's behavior and capabilities. Additionally, preferences for humanoid robots depended on the task although younger and older adults differed in their preferences for certain humanoid appearances. The results of this study have implications both for advancing theoretical understanding of robot perceptions and for creating and applying guidelines for the design of robots.

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“…This change in emotional responding is referred to as the uncanny valley. Though its nature and governing mechanisms continue to be of debate (e.g., [3,8,10,17,31]), there is substantial evidence confirming its existence (e.g., [14,22,24,28,33]). Moreover, the evidence extends beyond human adults to infants/children [21,26] and even macaque monkeys [35], suggesting the general phenomenon is relatively pervasive, if not robust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Too Much Humanness for Human-Robot Interaction

Strait

Vujovic

Floerke

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

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People tend to anthropomorphize agents that look and/or act human, and further, they tend to evaluate such agents more positively. This, in turn, has motivated the development of robotic agents that are humanlike in appearance and/or behavior. Yet, some agents -often those with highly humanlike appearances -have been found to elicit the opposite, wherein they are evaluated more negatively than their less humanlike counterparts. These trends are captured by Masahiro Mori's uncanny valley hypothesis, which describes a (uncanny) valley in emotional responding -a switch from affinity to dislike -elicited by agents that are "too humanlike".However, while the valley phenomenon has been repeatedly observed via subjective measures, it remains unknown as to whether such evaluations reflect a potential impact to a person's behavior (i.e., aversion). We attempt to address this gap in the literature via a novel experimental paradigm employing both traditional subjective ratings, as well as measures of peoples' behavioral and phsyiological responding. The results show that not only do people rate highly humanlike robots as uncanny, but moreover, they exhibit greater avoidance of such encounters than encounters with less humanlike and human agents. Thus, the findings not only support Mori's hypothesis, but further, they indicate the valley should be taken as a serious consideration for peoples' interactions with humanlike agents.

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How design characteristics of robots determine evaluation and uncanny valley related responses

Cited by 142 publications

References 45 publications

Attitude Towards Humanoid Robots and the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis

Attitude Towards Humanoid Robots and the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis

Why Some Humanoid Faces Are Perceived More Positively Than Others: Effects of Human-Likeness and Task

Too Much Humanness for Human-Robot Interaction

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