How different hermetic bag brands and maize varieties affect grain damage and loss during smallholder farmer storage

Ngwenyama, Patrick; Mvumi, Brighton M.; Stathers, T.; Nyanga, Loveness K.; Siziba, Shephard

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105861

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…e results of PICS being economically viable agree with the work of [54][55][56][57]. Phostoxin and actellic treatment really did not have a significant effect on the economic viability of PICS and polytank storage techniques which is consistent with the work of [31,58].…”

Section: Estimated Discounted Net Benefits Under the Ree Approachessupporting

confidence: 80%

“…e economic viability of PICS under maize storage is supported by the work of [56,57]. e results show that the higher the discount rate, the lower the discounted net benefit, consistent with the work of [59,60].…”

Section: Comparing the Ree Evaluation Approaches Atsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Polytank was the most viable, followed by PICS sacks, and then jute sacks came third, with poly sacks recording the least discounted values (Figures 4(b) and 4(c)). is implies that polytank and PICS sacks even without chemical treatment and at a high discount rate are still economically viable and found to be appropriate storage techniques for maize, consistent with the works of [28,56,57,61]. is implies that chemical protectants can be avoided when using PICS and polytank for maize storage.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Storage Techniques Without Chemicalmentioning

confidence: 56%

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Economics of Bulk Storage Techniques: Maize and Cowpea Storage in Ghana

Bidzakin

Yeboah

Sugri

et al. 2022

Advances in Agriculture

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High postharvest loss is one of the major challenges faced by farmers in many African countries in their efforts to achieve food and nutrition security. Several postharvest techniques have been developed and introduced to farmers aimed at reducing food losses. This study evaluated the economic viability of four such grain storage techniques using capital budgeting techniques. Two grain protectants were applied at recommended rates in three treatment combinations to jute sacks, PICS sacks, polytanks, and poly sacks at different treatment levels and at different discount rates. Under maize storage, the net present value of all treatments yielded positive net returns. The polytank technique proved to be the most economically viable storage technique, followed by PICS and then jute sacks. Under cowpea storage, polytank proved to be the most viable, followed by PICS. This is consistent under replacement chain method and equivalent annual annuity under the three different discount rates used. Cowpea is best stored in polytanks and PICS sacks. Polytank is recommended as the most economically viable storage technique for both maize and cowpea storage. PICS is also recommend for both maize and cowpea storage. However, jute sacks and poly sacks are not suitable for cowpea storage even under chemical treatment, especially under long-term storage (over 6 months). The choice of storage technique should consider the commodity under consideration.

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Section: Estimated Discounted Net Benefits Under the Ree Approachessupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Comparing the Ree Evaluation Approaches Atsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Evaluation Of Storage Techniques Without Chemicalmentioning

confidence: 56%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Economics of Bulk Storage Techniques: Maize and Cowpea Storage in Ghana

Bidzakin

Yeboah

Sugri

et al. 2022

Advances in Agriculture

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“…Hermetic storage bags can maintain the quality of stored crops such as cowpea, maize, common bean, mung bean, pigeon pea, peanut, wheat, and sorghum against insect pests in hot, humid climates 16,19–28 . However, widespread adoption of hermetic bags has been slow in most of Sub‐Saharan Africa, with issues such as cost, availability, and lack of technical information often cited as contributing factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative utility of hermetic and conventional grain storage bags for smallholder farmers: a meta‐analysis

Ngoma,

Monjerezi,

Leslie

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

Self Cite

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Postharvest management is critical to attaining household food, nutrition, and income security. Hermetic grain storage bags offer an effective pesticide‐free way to protect stored grain against fungal and insect infestation. We evaluated articles indexed in the Web of Science that included experiments comparing the storage efficacy of conventional and hermetic storage bags based on grain germination rate, insect infestation, physical damage, mycotoxin contamination, and changes in weight and moisture content. Compared with grain stored in hermetic bags, grain stored in conventional bags lost 3.6‐fold more seed viability, contained 42‐fold more insects, had 11‐fold more physical damage, and lost 23‐fold more grain weight, while grain moisture levels were similar for both hermetic and conventional storage bags. Mycotoxin contamination levels were not as frequently assessed. Levels could be low in grain stored in both types of bags, or levels could be low in hermetic bags and significantly higher in conventional bags. The improved properties of grain stored in hermetic bags can increase food security and household income by providing safe storage options for maintaining seed germinability, and for consumption and/or sale when food supplies are high, or when prices are low. Hermetic bags are economically feasible for use by subsistence farmers in Sub‐Saharan Africa for grain for household consumption and for carrying‐over seed for planting in the next season. Additional studies are needed to verify the mycotoxin contamination results and to determine if there are differences in functional food characteristics, e.g. flavor and cooking properties, that have not been as comprehensively studied. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…Mutiga et al (2019) did not observe an increase in mycotoxin concentrations in whole maize grains treated with insecticides in farmers' stores. Furthermore, besides Dola maize our that contained Aspergillus and Fusarium among other microbes, inclusion of non-sterile maize ours from the improved white WH505, local white Rachar and local yellow Spindi maize varieties would have contributed more information on the diverse natural microbial communities in maize grains(Liu et al 2020;Ekpakpale et al 2021), and their interactions with postharvest insecticides(Ngwenyama et al 2022). Therefore, future studies may compare the effects of insecticides on mycotoxin contamination between whole maize grain and their respective ours through controlled experiments and using samples from farmers or retailers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticides influence colonization and toxin accumulation by Aspergillus and Fusarium in orange and white maize flour varying in susceptibility to mycotoxigenic fungal pathogens

Ochieno

Nekesa

Naluyange

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Mycotoxigenic Aspergillus and Fusarium species that contaminate cereal crops with aflatoxins and fumonisins are a major threat to food security, human and animal health. Cases of mycotoxin contamination have been on the rise globally, with causes of such surges raising research interests. We conducted factorial experiments in the laboratory to test the hypothesis that some recently produced improved maize varieties that are not purposively bred for resistance to storage insect pests and mycotoxigenic fungi, require protection by synthetic insecticides, which in turn serve as nutrient sources to mycotoxigenic fungi, leading to invasive growth and enhanced toxin production by fungi, especially in conditions of high moisture. Flour from the improved white maize variety Western 505 that is not purposively bred for resistance to storage insect pests and mycotoxigenic fungi had the highest level of colonisation by A. flavus (6,633 CFU g-1) and Fusarium sp. (10,870 CFU g-1) with consequent elevated concentrations of aflatoxin (203 ppb) and fumonisin (2.23 ppm); while flour from the local yellow maize variety Spindi exhibited the least colonisation and mycotoxin production by A. flavus (4,133 CFU g-1) and Fusarium sp. (6,145 CFU g-1) with the local white Rachar being intermediate, at high moisture conditions. The synthetic insecticides Super Blue Cross (BC) and Actellic Super (AS) promoted growth and mycotoxin production by A. flavus and Fusarium sp.; while Ash promoted growth of A. flavus and Fusarium sp., but suppressed mycotoxin production by the two mycotoxigenic fungi (Aflatoxin and Fumonisin: control=114 ppb and 1.46 ppm; Ash=114 ppb and 1.46 ppm; AS=270 ppb and 2.31 ppm; BC=320 ppb and 3.55 ppm). It is concluded that flours from the local yellow Spindi and local white Rachar maize varieties are less susceptible to infection and mycotoxin contamination by A. flavus and Fusarium sp. compared to the improved white maize variety WH505, which accumulates higher levels of the mycotoxigenic fungi and their toxins, especially when treated with the synthetic insecticides Super Blue Cross and Actellic® Super that act as fungal nutrient sources under high moisture conditions. The implications of these findings are further discussed in the context of some relevant policies.

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How different hermetic bag brands and maize varieties affect grain damage and loss during smallholder farmer storage

Cited by 8 publications

References 42 publications

Economics of Bulk Storage Techniques: Maize and Cowpea Storage in Ghana

Economics of Bulk Storage Techniques: Maize and Cowpea Storage in Ghana

Comparative utility of hermetic and conventional grain storage bags for smallholder farmers: a meta‐analysis

Insecticides influence colonization and toxin accumulation by Aspergillus and Fusarium in orange and white maize flour varying in susceptibility to mycotoxigenic fungal pathogens

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