How Do Astrocytes Participate in Neural Plasticity?

Haydon, Philip G.

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a020438

Cited by 126 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Finally, it has been noted that astrocytes in vivo and in culture respond strongly to neuronal activity with calcium waves, which may allow for control of local synaptic activity as well as coordinating activities over greater distances throughout the CNS. The precise mechanisms underlying these diverse functions are still debated, and clearly this will remain an exciting focus for future studies (Haydon and Nedergaard, 2015).…”

Section: Roles Of Astrocytes In Cns Development and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glia in mammalian development and disease

2015

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Glia account for more than half of the cells in the mammalian nervous system, and the past few decades have witnessed a flood of studies that detail novel functions for glia in nervous system development, plasticity and disease. Here, and in the accompanying poster, we review the origins of glia and discuss their diverse roles during development, in the adult nervous system and in the context of disease.

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Section: Roles Of Astrocytes In Cns Development and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glia in mammalian development and disease

2015

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“…An attractive idea put forth in this study was that features of channel rectification would allow for both K ϩ influx and efflux through the same channel, thus making this channel ideally suited for the regulation of K ϩ concentrations. The rectification properties of Kir4.1, like all other inward-rectifying K ϩ channels, are governed by intracellular polyamines (Guo and Lu, 2002). (Oliver et al, 1998).…”

Section: Regulation Of Kir41 By Intracellular Sperminementioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights on Astrocyte Ion Channels: Critical for Homeostasis and Neuron-Glia Signaling

et al. 2015

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Initial biophysical studies on glial cells nearly 50 years ago identified these cells as being electrically silent. These first studies also demonstrated a large K ϩ conductance, which led to the notion that glia may regulate extracellular K ϩ levels homeostatically. This view has now gained critical support from the study of multiple disease models discussed herein. Dysfunction of a major astrocyte K ϩ channel, Kir4.1, appears as an early pathological event underlying neuronal phenotypes in several neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. An expanding list of other astrocyte ion channels, including the calcium-activated ion channel BEST-1, hemichannels, and two-pore domain K ϩ channels, all contribute to astrocyte biology and CNS function and underpin new forms of crosstalk between neurons and glia. Once considered merely the glue that holds the brain together, it is now increasingly recognized that astrocytes contribute in several fundamental ways to neuronal function. Emerging new insights and future perspectives of this active research area are highlighted within.

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“…Synaptic scaling does have layer-specific properties in cortex, where scaling in layer 4 is limited to early development [7], but layer 5 [12,15] and layer 2/3 [10] can scale throughout adulthood. Numerous molecular mechanisms have been implicated in mediating synaptic scaling, including TNF-alpha [15][16][17], which may be regulated via astrocytic activity and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor expression [18], retinoic acid [19], among many others (for a review, see [20,21]). Increases in TNF-alpha have been reported to increase and decrease the density of a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and gamma aminobutyric acid-A (GABA A ) receptors, respectively, in the plasma membrane [17].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Homeostatic Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity: the current state of the field and future research directions

Keck

Toyoizumi

Chen

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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We summarize here the results presented and subsequent discussion from the meeting on Integrating Hebbian and Homeostatic Plasticity at the Royal Society in April 2016. We first outline the major themes and results presented at the meeting. We next provide a synopsis of the outstanding questions that emerged from the discussion at the end of the meeting and finally suggest potential directions of research that we believe are most promising to develop an understanding of how these two forms of plasticity interact to facilitate functional changes in the brain.This article is part of the themed issue 'Integrating Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity'.

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How Do Astrocytes Participate in Neural Plasticity?

Cited by 126 publications

References 88 publications

Glia in mammalian development and disease

Glia in mammalian development and disease

New Insights on Astrocyte Ion Channels: Critical for Homeostasis and Neuron-Glia Signaling

Integrating Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity: the current state of the field and future research directions

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