How do biases in sex ratio and disease characteristics affect the spread of sexually transmitted infections?

Halimubieke, Naerhulan; Pirrie, Alistair; Székely, Tamás; Ashby, Ben

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110832

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…From 2020 to 2021, to defeat the epidemic, scientists in different fields cooperated to investigate COVID-19 from different points of view. Sex ratio, media reports, super-spreaders, cytokine storm, mask wearing, healthcare, vaccination, age structure, impact on energy demand and consumption, etc., are covered [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introduction E 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of SCIR Modeling for COVID‐19 with Immigration

2022

Complexity

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In this study, for COVID-19, we divide people into four categories: susceptible S t , closely contacted C t , infective I t , and removed R t according to the current epidemic situation and then investigate two models: the SCIR models with immigration (Model (2) and without immigration (Model 1). For the former, Model 1, we obtain the condition for global stability of its disease-free equilibrium. For the latter, Model 2, we establish the local asymptotic stability of its endemic equilibrium by constructing Lyapunov function. Afterwards, by the bifurcation theory, we qualitatively analyze the properties of its Hopf bifurcations of the latter. Finally, numerical simulations are given to illustrate the obtained results of two models. The results imply the importance of finding closely contacted and overseas imports on epidemic control. It indicates that not only the incubation delay τ is crucial for the containment of the COVID-19 but also the scientific and rigorous containment measures are the key factors of the success of the containment.

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Section: Introduction E 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of SCIR Modeling for COVID‐19 with Immigration

2022

Complexity

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“…Although the Fisherian view of sex ratio evolution is widely accepted (West 2009), in nature there are often deviations from an equal sex ratio at birth, which can have significant effects on mating dynamics and disease transmission (Halimubieke et al 2021). Understanding when deviations from an equal primary sex ratio occur therefore remains an active area of research (Kahn et al 2015;Shyu and Caswell 2016;Zietsch et al 2020;Lehtonen 2021;Orzack and Hardy 2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

Does differential mortality after parental investment affect sex ratio evolution? No

Pirrie

Ashby

2021

Evolution

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The classical view of sex ratio evolution, popularized by R. A. Fisher, is that the sex ratio at birth should be equal when males and females require the same level of parental investment. Thus, although differences in mortality between the sexes during parental investment will cause deviations from an equal sex ratio at birth, differential mortality after parental investment should have no effect. However, a recent theoretical model appears to contradict this view, suggesting that differential mortality after the period of parental investment does cause deviations from an equal sex ratio at birth. Moreover, the life stage at which mortality differs (juvenile vs. adult) is predicted to cause contrasting effects on sex ratio evolution. These results are in stark contrast with Fisher's hypothesis. Here, we resolve this disparity by analyzing a stage-and sex-structured model of population dynamics. We find that selection always drives the population to an equal sex ratio at birth regardless of differential mortality effects after parental investment, thus confirming Fisher's hypothesis. The disparity appears to be due to incorrect accounting of mutant-resident unions, which we avoid by considering separate union classes for different types of mutant-resident unions.

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How do biases in sex ratio and disease characteristics affect the spread of sexually transmitted infections?

Cited by 2 publications

References 56 publications

Dynamics of SCIR Modeling for COVID‐19 with Immigration

Dynamics of SCIR Modeling for COVID‐19 with Immigration

Does differential mortality after parental investment affect sex ratio evolution? No

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