How do caregivers understand and respond to unsettled infant behaviour in Vietnam? A qualitative study

Murray, Linda; Tran, Thach; Thắng, Võ Văn; Cass, Loretta; Fisher, Jane

doi:10.1111/cch.12474

Cited by 10 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It is stated that sleeping problems in infants can be prevented by controlling crying (Barnard, ). Murray, Tran, Thang, Cass, and Fisher () stated that mothers who do not distinguish the real reasons for their infant's crying frequently breastfeed to stop the crying of the infant and to make him or her sleep. A vicious circle arises along with the mothers’ inability to correctly interpret the clues that are shown by their infant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soothing techniques on infants’ self‐regulation behaviors (sleeping, crying, feeding): A randomized controlled study

Dönmez

Temel

2019

Japan Journal Nursing Sci

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Aim:To determine the effect of teaching 4S soothing techniques (swaddling, holding at side or stomach position, shushing-white noise, swinging) on parent-reported infants' self-regulation behaviors with respect to sleeping, crying, and feeding. Methods: This research is a pretest-post-test, single-blind randomized experimental study with 6 month follow-ups. An intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG) were formed, each consisting of 21 mother-infant dyads. A 90 min training program was applied to the mothers in the IG during the home visit in the fourth week after birth. For both groups, the dependent variables of the study are the parentreported self-regulation behaviors of the infants in weeks 3, 7, 11, and 23. Results: No significant difference was found between the two groups before the intervention in the pretest in terms of the mean sleep duration, mean crying duration, frequency of feeding, and frequency of waking at night. After the teaching of the 4S soothing techniques had been conducted, it was determined that the mean frequency of waking at night, the mean frequency of daily feeding, and the mean daily crying duration of the infants in the IG was statistically significantly lower in all follow-ups, compared to the infants in the CG. In weeks 7 and 11 after the intervention, the mean daily sleep duration of the infants in the IG was found to be statistically significantly higher, compared to the infants in the CG. Conclusion: Health professionals can use the 4S soothing techniques to develop self-regulation behaviors of infants during the first 12 weeks of the infancy period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soothing techniques on infants’ self‐regulation behaviors (sleeping, crying, feeding): A randomized controlled study

Dönmez

Temel

2019

Japan Journal Nursing Sci

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“…This was seen as a ‘last resort’ when other sources of advice such as family members and health professionals failed to meet the needs of parents with unsettled infants. It is known that the caregivers of unsettled infants in Vietnam consult sources such as family members, buddhist monks and other types of traditional healers before presenting at formal health services [24]. In the absence of health professional training in infant sleep and settling, little effective, evidence-based advice was available for the parents of infants, leaving them to rely on informal approaches without a literature supporting their effectiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also a documented correlation between malnutrition amongst the children of mothers with PCMDs in Vietnam and other LALMI settings [41–44]. Qualitative research reveals that the mothers of infants up to six months old in Vietnam experienced feelings of anxiety, helplessness, being overwhelmed, and a loss of control when their infant cried excessively [24]. As PCMDs occur commonly in Vietnam, but are currently an under-recognised health concern, improving the understanding and management of infants with sleep issues and excessive crying could have positive impacts on PCMDs in Vietnam.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assistance for parents with unsettled infants in Central Vietnam: a qualitative investigation of health professionals’ perspectives

et al. 2019

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Background Unsettled infant behaviours are a common concern for parents internationally, and have been associated with maternal stress, reduced parenting confidence, and postnatal mental health problems among parents. Little information currently exists regarding available support for the parents of unsettled infants in low-and-middle income countries such as Vietnam. We aimed to describe how unsettled infant behaviour was understood and investigated by Vietnamese health professionals, and what health education was provided to parents regarding infant sleep and settling. Methods This qualitative study elicited the perspectives of Vietnamese health professionals working in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam. A semi-structured interview guide included participant demographics, and questions about providing assistance to the parents of unsettled infants, understandings of unsettled infant behaviour, management of unsettled infant behaviour and health education. Individual interviews or small-group discussions were undertaken in Vietnamese, data were translated and analysed in English. The authors used a thematic approach to analysis, supported by Nvivo software. Results Nine health professionals (four primary care doctors, one paediatrician and four nurses/midwives) working in urban and rural areas of Thua Thien Hue were interviewed. Four themes were created that reflected the responses to the literature-based interview questions. Health professionals described having received little formal training about infant sleep and settling, thus based their advice on personal experience. Information on infant sleep and settling was not included in health education for new mothers, which focused on breastfeeding and preventing malnutrition. Where advice was given, it was generally based on settling strategies involving high levels of caregiver intervention (holding, rocking, breastfeeding on demand and tolerating frequent overnight wakings) rather than behaviour management style strategies. Participants emphasised the importance of recognising and responding to infant behavioural cues (e.g infants cry when hungry). Conclusions There is an unmet need for information on infant sleep and settling for new parents and health professionals in Vietnam. Our findings suggest information for caregivers on how to respond sensitively to infant tired signs should be formally included in the training of health professionals in LALMI settings. Sleep and settling information should also be part of culturally appropriate multi-component maternal and child health interventions aimed at promoting early childhood development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-019-1532-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…A common response was to pick the baby up when they were crying. Some papers also reported participants doing basic checks to interpret the reason for the crying or systematically working through potential soothing techniques to stop the crying (Cox & Roos, 2008;Drummond et al, 1993;Keefe & Froese-Fuetz, 1991;Kurth et al, 2014Kurth et al, , 2010Landgren & Hallström, 2011;Megel et al, 2011;Murray et al, 2018;Poskey & Hersch, 2012;Poskey et al, 2014;Thompson et al, 1986;Wade et al, 2005;Wiley et al, 2020). Other approaches to soothe a crying baby were feeding, auditory interventions such as singing or white noise and the use of movement (Drummond et al, 1993;Ellett et al, 2009;Keefe & Froese-Fuetz, 1991;Kidd et al, 2019;Kurth et al, 2014Kurth et al, , 2010Landgren & Hallström, 2011;Megel et al, 2011;Murray et al, 2018;Poskey & Hersch, 2012;Poskey et al, 2014;Wade et al, 2005).…”

Section: Anger Towards Babymentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental perceptions and experiences of infant crying: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research

Müller

Ghio

Mobey

et al. 2022

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Background: Excessive infant crying is common and can have a huge impact on families and well-being. Systematically reviewing qualitative studies on infant crying can provide a greater understanding of parental perceptions and experiences.Aim: This study sought to systematically review and thematically synthesize qualitative studies exploring parents/carers' views and experiences of infant crying.Design: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research.Data Sources: Electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched from the earliest date available to January 2022. We selected papers focussing on parents/carers' experiences, views, attitudes and beliefs about infant crying.We excluded papers focussing on health professionals' views and children older than 12 months.Review Methods: Thematic synthesis was followed for the analysis of included studies and quality appraisal was conducted. Results:We synthesized 22 papers, reporting data from 376 participants in eight countries. Four analytical themes were developed: (1) Experiences and impact of crying; (2) parental management strategies; (3) the role of the health professional; (4) the role of infant feeding and maternal diet. Our findings suggest that infant crying has a substantial emotional impact on parents/carers that often impacts relationships.Parents/carers reported using a range of soothing techniques and coping strategies but were desperate to find effective treatment or cure. Support was often perceived as lacking. Excessive crying and beliefs about the role of maternal diet on breastmilk were reported to undermine parents' confidence in breastfeeding by making them feel their milk is insufficient or harmful, or through pressure from others to stop breastfeeding. Conclusion:Parents/carers use a range of strategies to interpret and deal with the challenges of infant crying, but there is a need for more information and support.Impact: Findings can be used to inform future research and interventions to support families experiencing excessive infant crying.

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How do caregivers understand and respond to unsettled infant behaviour in Vietnam? A qualitative study

Abstract: SummaryBackground Unsettled infant behaviours are a common source of concern for new parents and

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of soothing techniques on infants’ self‐regulation behaviors (sleeping, crying, feeding): A randomized controlled study

Effect of soothing techniques on infants’ self‐regulation behaviors (sleeping, crying, feeding): A randomized controlled study

Assistance for parents with unsettled infants in Central Vietnam: a qualitative investigation of health professionals’ perspectives

Parental perceptions and experiences of infant crying: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research

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