How Do Different Ways of Measuring Individual Differences in Zero‐Acquaintance Personality Judgment Accuracy Correlate With Each Other?

Hall, Judith A.; Back, Mitja D.; Nestler, Steffen; Frauendorfer, Denise; Mast, Marianne Schmid; Ruben, Mollie A.

doi:10.1111/jopy.12307

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…We do not claim this would always be the case because there are situations where falling back on stereotypes (or base rates) might sometimes improve accuracy (Lewis, Hodges, Laurent, Srivastava, & Biancarosa, ). In fact, in some ways of measuring accurate personality judgment, making use of stereotypes (i.e., using normative knowledge) is an integral part of achieving accuracy (Hall et al, in press).…”

Section: Integrative Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Stereotype Accuracy from an Integrative Social‐Personality Perspective

Hall

Goh

2017

Social & Personality Psych

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This article proposes an integrative framework for understanding the accuracy and inaccuracy of stereotypes. Specifically, we highlight research issues and traditions from social and personality psychology that do not often intersect, but which can be mutually informative. Within this framework, the social psychologist's interest in the accuracy of group stereotypes is conceptually much like a personality psychologist's interest in the accuracy with which perceivers can identify types of individuals, for example extraverts. Both fields make use, implicitly or explicitly, of personal attributes and behaviors (cues) in assessing accuracy of beliefs about group or individual traits. By using Brunswik's lens model perspective in combination with concepts from signal detection theory, judgments of stereotypes can be discovered to be accurate or inaccurate depending on how perceivers judge or use the cues. In drawing on research traditions and theoretical frameworks from both social and personality psychology, researchers can go beyond an all-or-nothing stance regarding stereotype accuracy to achieve a more nuanced understanding of when, how, and to what extent stereotypes are accurate.

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Section: Integrative Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Stereotype Accuracy from an Integrative Social‐Personality Perspective

Hall

Goh

2017

Social & Personality Psych

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“…As shown by Hall et al ( 2018 ), trait accuracy, overall profile accuracy, and distinctive profile accuracy are not interchangeable measures. For instance, single-trait accuracies show only low correlations with each other and with other accuracy types ( Hall et al 2018 ). These authors also suggested that different mechanisms and cognitive demands may be involved in different accuracy types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Another important aspect to consider when assessing personality judgment accuracy (and its correlates) is that it can be calculated in different ways using the same data (e.g., Back and Nestler 2016 ; Hall et al 2018 ; Letzring and Funder 2018 ). The first accuracy type is trait accuracy , which refers to the ability to discriminate among different targets on one given trait (e.g., to evaluate whether person A is more or less agreeable than person B), thus requiring inter-target comparisons ( Hall et al 2018 ). Trait accuracy is typically calculated by correlating judges’ ratings across targets on a given trait with the targets’ self-rated score on this trait (e.g., Lippa and Dietz 2000 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second accuracy type is profile accuracy , which refers to the ability to discriminate relative levels of different traits within one target (e.g., to judge whether person A is more agreeable than extraverted) and thus involves intra-target comparisons ( Hall et al 2018 ). Profile accuracy is typically calculated by correlating a judge’s ratings for one target across all traits with the target’s self-rated scores on these traits; the correlations for each target can be averaged to form an overall profile accuracy score for each judge (e.g., Back and Nestler 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accuracy in Judging Others’ Personalities: The Role of Emotion Recognition, Emotion Understanding, and Trait Emotional Intelligence

Jaksic

Schlegel

2020

J. Intell.

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The ability to accurately judge others’ personality and the ability to accurately recognize others’ emotions are both part of the broader construct of interpersonal accuracy (IPA). However, little research has examined the association between these two IPA domains. Little is also known about the relationship between personality judgment accuracy and other socio-emotional skills and traits. In the present study, 121 participants judged eight traits (Big Five, intelligence, cooperativeness, and empathy) in each of 30 targets who were presented either in a photograph, a muted video, or a video with sound. The videos were 30 second excerpts from negotiations that the targets had engaged in. Participants also completed standard tests of emotion recognition ability, emotion understanding, and trait emotional intelligence. Results showed that personality judgment accuracy, when indexed as trait accuracy and distinctive profile accuracy, positively correlated with emotion recognition ability and was unrelated to emotion understanding and trait emotional intelligence. Female participants were more accurate in judging targets’ personality than men. These results provide support for IPA as a set of correlated domain-specific skills and encourage further research on personality judgment accuracy as a meaningful individual difference variable.

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“…Second, this is one of the only studies that focused specifically on the accuracy as the main aim of the study, and therefore reported on different types of accuracy (the self-other agreement and the agreement between multiple raters). It can be observed that the very concept of accuracy and its magnitude varies in the case of the measures used, and in this study, accuracy is presented with multiple measures, and thus the outcome of personality judgment is more fully illustrated (Hall et al, 2018). Third, the positive findings on personality judgement accuracy by non-experts open up a question on the nature of the ability to judge one's personality, that should be further explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Evaluation of the Accuracy of Personality Judgments Based on Written Verbal Production

Tucaković¹,

Bjekić²,

Knežević³

2020

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The process of personality judgment occurs in daily social interactions and represents an attempt to identify characteristics of someone else's personality, in the way to explain past and predict future behaviors. The results of this process have implications on future decisions and actions of people. This research aimed to examine the accuracy of non-expert ratings of Extraversion and Conscientiousness based on short written texts. The sample consisted of 215 participants (Mage = 28.58, SD = 10.30; 80.5% females). The exclusion criterion was that participants were psychologists or psychology students, i.e., individuals familiar with personality research and taxonomies. Participants rated Extraversion and Conscientiousness, based on the texts written by five different individuals. Criteria used to estimate the accuracy of judgments were the agreement between self-report measures on HEXACO PI-R from people who wrote the texts and ratings from participants, as well as the agreement between multiple raters. The results showed that there was a moderate self-other agreement for Extraversion and Conscientiousness. Also, the results showed that there was a high between-raters agreement for Extraversion and Conscientiousness. This study indicates that it is possible to judge one’s personality based on written verbal production, as well that raters tend to form similar impressions about the personality from written texts.

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How Do Different Ways of Measuring Individual Differences in Zero‐Acquaintance Personality Judgment Accuracy Correlate With Each Other?

Abstract: Different ways of measuring individual differences in personality judgment accuracy are not conceptually and empirically the same, but rather represent distinct abilities that rely on different judgment processes.

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Studying Stereotype Accuracy from an Integrative Social‐Personality Perspective

Studying Stereotype Accuracy from an Integrative Social‐Personality Perspective

Accuracy in Judging Others’ Personalities: The Role of Emotion Recognition, Emotion Understanding, and Trait Emotional Intelligence

Evaluation of the Accuracy of Personality Judgments Based on Written Verbal Production

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