How do government subsidies and consumers' low-carbon preference promote new energy vehicle diffusion? A tripartite evolutionary game based on energy vehicle manufacturers, the government and consumers

Impact of Consumer Subsidy Considering Subsidy Threshold on New Energy Vehicle Firms and Environmental Benefits

“…Road infrastructure, economic growth and industrialization have created a complex transport infrastructure but at the same time increased the energy consumption and pollutant emissions of road transport [15]. Due to the use of clean energy, NEVs are widely regarded as an effective means of reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality [3]. Li et al [16] argued that the development of NEVs has shown promising potential in addressing the issues of energy shortage and air pollution when compared to traditional petroleum-fueled vehicles.…”

“…However, with the rapid development of society and the improvement in people's living standards, the public's demand for cars continues to grow, and the increasing energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions pose serious threats to the environment [2]. According to global carbon emission industry structure data, highway transportation accounts for 11.9% of total carbon emissions [3]. Because, compared with conventional fuel vehicles, new energy vehicles (NEVs) use green clean energy and can reduce carbon emissions by 30-50% [4], developing NEVs to reduce the transportation industry's carbon emissions is becoming a significant way to achieve carbon neutrality [3,5,6].…”

“…According to global carbon emission industry structure data, highway transportation accounts for 11.9% of total carbon emissions [3]. Because, compared with conventional fuel vehicles, new energy vehicles (NEVs) use green clean energy and can reduce carbon emissions by 30-50% [4], developing NEVs to reduce the transportation industry's carbon emissions is becoming a significant way to achieve carbon neutrality [3,5,6]. However, there are many obstacles hindering the development of NEVs, such as imperfect key technologies and high vehicle purchase costs [7][8][9].…”

Metaverse Learning Experience Platform (MLXP) for Immersive Design Thinking to Enhance Digital Intelligence Quotient and Virtual Game Developer Skills

“…These skills encompass a range of technical competencies including programming, 3D modeling, and animation, as well as creating and designing, involving such abilities as storytelling, game mechanics, and user experience design. Virtual game developers must also possess project management skills and an understanding of the game development process, including prototyping, testing, and post-release maintenance [9,35]. This is in line with beliefs about the future of employment, skills and workforce strategy for the fourth industrial revolution, which relate to game developers needing specific attributes including creativity skills, problem-solving skills, project management skills, collaboration skills and adaptability skills [36,37].…”

“…Virtual games and simulations can be used in education to generate fun, interactive learning experiences that let students put theory into practice. Virtual games can imitate real-world situations and offer realistic practice chances during training, assisting students in developing practical skills [8,9]. Skills in developing virtual games are a valuable tool for higher education students because they give them the information and skills necessary to design, develop, and create immersive experiences in a virtual world.…”