How do orthopaedic surgery residency program websites feature diversity? An analysis of 187 orthopaedic surgery programs in the United States

Cohen, Samuel; Xiao, Michelle; Zhuang, Thompson; Michaud, John B.; Wadhwa, Harsh; Shapiro, Lauren M.; Kamal, Robin N.

doi:10.1097/bco.0000000000001101

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…One of the elements the authors analyzed was “diversity councils,” and they found 15 (8.0%) orthopaedic residency programs included such councils. The authors also found that the average orthopaedic surgery residency program website had 4.9 ± 2.1 diversity and inclusion elements 11 , whereas our study found that 74 (38.3%) orthopaedic residencies advocated for diversity, equity, and inclusion through DEI statements.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…Cohen et al evaluated 187 orthopaedic surgery residency websites for the presence of 12 elements that represented a commitment to diversity and inclusion 11 . One of the elements the authors analyzed was “diversity councils,” and they found 15 (8.0%) orthopaedic residency programs included such councils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study by Cohen et al evaluated 187 websites for orthopaedic surgery residency programs to determine each program's commitment to promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion 11 . The authors found that residency websites included a mean of 4.9 ± 2.1 diversity and inclusion elements, with 21% (40 of 187) including 7+ elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there was no statistical difference in the top National Institutes of Health funded programs, university-based or affiliated programs (5.2 ± 2.0) did have higher diversity scores in comparison with community-based programs (3.6 ± 2.2) (p = 0.003). Many orthopaedic residency programs have begun to promote DEI statements/initiatives on their program website and created away rotation scholarships exclusively for URiM students 11 . The purpose of this study was to determine the number and different types of DEI positions within orthopaedic surgery residency programs in the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity-Related Positions in Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Programs

Terle,

Osakwe,

Ierulli

et al. 2023

JBJS Open Access

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Background: The Association of American Medical Colleges and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons have incorporated diversity and inclusion as one of their primary goals. Orthopaedic surgery remains the least diverse medical specialty when measured for practicing physicians and trainees. The purpose of this study was to determine the number and distinct types of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) positions within orthopaedic surgery residency programs in the United States. Methods: The Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database was used to obtain a list of all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited orthopaedic surgery residency programs. The following was collected from 193 residency program websites between June 6, 2022, and June 26, 2022: program location, university or community based, allopathic or osteopathic recognition, number of faculty in the orthopaedic department, number of residents per year, diversity-related statements, and diversity-focused faculty positions. Results: Of the 193 programs evaluated, 74 (38.9%) included DEI statements on their website while only 42 (21.8%) had at least one DEI-specific faculty role (e.g., diversity committee, diversity liaison, vice chair for DEI). For 16 (8.3%) programs, the faculty role was nonspecific to the orthopaedic residency program. Nonspecific roles were primarily created by the affiliated school of medicine, but in 4 (2.1%) outlier cases, faculty members assumed DEI roles through a medical center, a graduate medical education program, or a department of surgery. Conclusions: Less than half of orthopaedic surgery residency programs currently advocate for DEI on their associated websites while fewer than 25% have a DEI faculty position. Previous studies have called for a greater number of DEI positions and committees among orthopaedic residencies because of the lower admittance rate of qualified Under Represented in Medicine (URiM) applicants. A role dedicated to DEI may increase the number of women and URiM applicants pursuing a career in orthopaedic surgery.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity-Related Positions in Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Programs

Terle,

Osakwe,

Ierulli

et al. 2023

JBJS Open Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, female trainees placed more importance on having a mentor of the same gender than male trainees 20 . Interestingly, recently published studies investigating the commitment to diversity and inclusion on orthopaedic surgery residency websites revealed that most residency websites do not adequately promote the inclusion of gender and racial/ethnic diversity 21,22 . These reasons, among many others, are likely contributing to why orthopaedic surgery lags behind other specialties in the diversity of practicing surgeons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient Preferences and Perceptions of Provider Diversity in Orthopaedic Surgery

Chen,

Strony,

Kroneberger

et al. 2023

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

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Background: Orthopaedic surgery in the U.S. historically has been among the least demographically diverse specialties in medicine. Currently, limited data exist on how patients perceive diversity within the field and what patients look for when choosing an orthopaedic surgeon. The purpose of this study was to identify specific patient preferences for surgeon demographics and understand patient perceptions of racial and gender diversity in orthopaedic surgery. Methods: Nonconsecutive patients from orthopaedic clinics affiliated with a U.S. academic health system voluntarily completed a 39-item questionnaire that surveyed basic demographic information, perception of diversity, racial and gender preferences during surgeon selection, and perception of health-care inequalities. Bivariate analyses were used to test the association between patient-surgeon demographic variables and ratings of diversity. Multiple regression models were used to identify independent predictors of overall perceived diversity ratings. Results: A total of 349 patients (80.6% White, 17.9% Black, and 1.5% other) were analyzed. Black patients were more likely to experience difficulty relating to their surgeon than White patients (11.48% versus 2.29%; odds ratio [OR], 5.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55 to 21.1; p = 0.004). Moreover, Black patients were more likely to perceive racial bias from their surgeon than White patients (5.17% versus 0.37%; OR, 14.44; 95% CI, 1.14 to 766.29; p = 0.02). While the level of racial diversity perceived by White patients (2.57 of 10) was significantly higher than that perceived by Black patients (2.10 of 10) (p = 0.001), the absolute difference between these 2 figures was small, suggesting that both groups perceived racial diversity in orthopaedics to be low. White and Black patients differed in their importance ranking of a surgeon’s race (p < 0.0001): Black patients ranked a surgeon’s race with higher importance (mean, 3.49 of 10) when selecting a surgeon compared with White patients (1.45 of 10). Both male and female patients gave relatively low importance rankings for a surgeon’s gender (mean, 1.58 of 10 and 2.15 of 10, respectively, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Patients in this study did not perceive orthopaedic surgery as a diverse field (overall diversity rating, <3 of 10). There were significant racial and gender differences in patients’ preferences for specific physician characteristics when choosing an orthopaedic surgeon, which may help explain some instances of perceived racial bias and difficulty relating to their orthopaedic surgeon.

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