How do population agglomeration and interregional networks improve energy efficiency?

Effect of industrial agglomeration on the efficiency of urban productive land allocation: Evidence from China’s nine national-level urban agglomerations

“…土地是城市发展的关键要素之一， 土地利用水 平表现为单位土地承载的要素投入及产出规模的比 较差异。国内外学者大多基于单位土地产出 [17,18] 或 者函数法 [19][20][21] [10,22] ， 即规模经济的实现。基于企业间的 互动关系， 区域内异质性企业供需调整使得劳动力 资源更加精准、 有效地匹配与转移 [23] ， 生产性服务业 的发展补充与完善了产业链中间服务， 促进了经济 的循环持续发展 [16] 。通过劳动力蓄水池作用、 投入 产出联结作用实现资源共享与强化匹配、 知识传播 和技术外溢， 促进区域企业间的合作， 从而形成促 进经济增长的集聚效应 [24] ， 实现产业结构的优化。 同时， 伴随规模效应与产业结构优化， 区域企业间 通过信息流通、 知识外溢、 极化作用等方式提高区 域及外围劳动力、 资本生产效率， 实现生产技术共 享与技术效率提升， 即知识溢出效应 [25,26] 。以上效 应在不同维度上均对区域生产改善提供了正向促 进作用。在生产改善的作用下， 区域经济的增长将 吸引外部资源要素向区域集聚， 即劳动力、 资本、 技 术、 公共资源等生产要素在空间范围内不断汇集 [27]…”

Estimating Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving Potential in the Republic of Korea’s Offshore Fisheries

“…Stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) has been extensively employed to appraise energy efficiency across diverse domains. Notably, several studies have examined energy efficiency in diverse sectors, such as the manufacturing industry in the United States [11][12][13], industries with high energy consumption in China [14], the steel and paper industries in India [15,16], the manufacturing industry in Sweden [17] and Kenya [18], the industrial sectors in Japan [19], and the major industries in Vietnam [20]. Additionally, some studies estimated regional energy efficiency in China [21][22][23][24][25][26], Japan [27,28], the United States [29], Portugal [30], and Cameroon [31].…”

The Decarbonization Effect of the Urban Polycentric Structure: Empirical Evidence from China

“…On the other hand, excessive downtown agglomeration also increases household carbon emissions. Dense building structures in downtown areas amplify the urban-heat island effect, which in turn increases the use of energy-intensive cooling equipment in homes [26]. In contrast, polycentric structures with employment sub-centers promote a balance between jobs and housing.…”