“…Although many studies have investigated perceptions about science of high school students (Songer and Linn, 1991;Griffiths and Barry, 1993;Griffiths and Barman, 1995;Tsai, 1998;Shi, 2021), college/university students (Liu and Tsai, 2008;Vhurumuku, 2010;Sangsa-ard et al, 2014;Akgun and Kaya, 2020), and science teachers (Abell and Smith, 1994;Leblebicioglu et al, 2021) in both Western and non-Western countries, only a limited number of studies have focused on primary school Students' perceptions about science (e.g., BouJaoude and El Khalick, 1995;Stein and McRobbie, 1997;Kang et al, 2005). In what follows, we present these studies in more detail.…”