How do we define the term idiopathic?

Tirlapur, S.; Priest, Lee; Daniels, Jane; Khan, Khalid S.

doi:10.1097/gco.0000000000000025

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…16,17), ie, idiopathic pain. 18,19 Hence, although placebo and nocebo effects are well-described in nociceptive and idiopathic pain, it is unknown to what extent the findings apply to neuropathic pain where pain arises as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. 20 In neuropathic pain, placebos have primarily been used as controls for active medications under study in randomized controlled trials (RCTs; see eg, references in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo, nocebo, and neuropathic pain

Vase

Skyt

Hall

2016

Pain

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Over the last decade, the apparent increase in placebo responses in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of neuropathic pain have complicated and potentially limited development and availability of new effective pain medication. Placebo analgesia and nocebo hyperalgesia effects are well described in nociceptive and idiopathic pain conditions, but less is known about the magnitude and mechanisms of placebo and nocebo effects in neuropathic pain. In neuropathic pain, placebo treatments have primarily been used as control conditions for active agents under investigation in RCTs and these placebo responses are typically not controlled for the natural history of pain and other confounding factors. Recently, mechanistic studies that control for the natural history of pain have investigated placebo and nocebo effects in neuropathic pain in their own right. Large placebo analgesia but no nocebo hyperalgesic effects have been found, and the underlying mechanisms are beginning to be elucidated. Here we review placebo and nocebo effects and the underlying mechanisms in neuropathic pain and compare them with those of nociceptive and idiopathic pain. This allows for a novel discussion on how knowledge of psychological, neurobiological, and genetic factors underlying well-controlled placebo effects may help improve the information that can be obtained from and potentially restore the utility of RCTs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo, nocebo, and neuropathic pain

Vase

Skyt

Hall

2016

Pain

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“…Diagnostic research in CPP with its exclusive focus on single organic cause per study ignores that idiopathic CPP is an important cause in its own right [3]. Confidence about absence of abnormality can avoid the need for laparoscopy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In its differential diagnosis, several underlying factors and pathologies (causes or target conditions) have to be considered on initial presentation. In some women a number of these causes may coexist; in others there may be no cause found leading to the diagnosis of idiopathic CPP [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic pelvic pain

Tirlapur

Daniels

Khan

2015

Current Opinion in Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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“…1 Idiopathic CPP is defined as CPP with an uncertain or unknown structural cause, that is, CPP that is unrelated to gynaecological organs, after the exclusion of other recognisable gynaecological pathology. 2 Symptoms include dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), dyspareunia (pain during sexual intercourse), dyschesia (painful bowel motions), dysuria (painful micturition) and constant or intermittent pelvic pain, which may or may not be related to the menstrual cycle. 3 In primary care, the annual prevalence of CPP is 38 out of 1000 in women aged 15-73 years, 4 a rate comparable with that of asthma (37/1000) and chronic back pain (41/1000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%