How Does Household Spending Respond to an Epidemic? Consumption During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic

Baker, Scott R.; Farrokhnia, R.A.; Meyer, Steffen; Pagel, Michaela; Yannelis, Constantine

doi:10.3386/w26949

Cited by 494 publications

(394 citation statements)

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“…In sum, the ndings in Table 1 are supportive evidence that the COVID -19 pandemic had led to a signi cant rise in the poverty levels of households. Consistent with extant literature, while Baker, Farrokhnia, Meyer, Pagel and Yannelis (2020) found that the COVID-19 pandemic had increased the poverty levels of households in terms of decrease in overall household consumption, Van Lancker and Parolin (2020) found that COVID-19 had increased child poverty. At the same time, Sumner, Hoy and Ortiz-Juarez (2020) observed that the adverse effect of COVID-19 on poverty is global.…”

Section: Econometric Estimation Of Effect Of Covid-19 On Poverty and supporting

confidence: 57%

Impact of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards in Ghana: A micro perspective

Bukari

Essilfie

Aning-Agyei

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has become a global epidemic, hit Ghana on 12th March 2020 and, in less than a week, increased by over 300 percent with two deaths. As of 11th June 2020, Ghana had recorded over 11,000 cases with 48 deaths. This study seeks to provide a micro-level evidence on how COVID-19 is posing a threat to some of the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly poverty and hunger in Ghana. Specifically, the study examined the effect of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards of Ghanaian households. It also analyzed which class of persons within the income distributions is mostly hit by the pandemic. Data on 3,905 households were obtained via concurrent online survey and telephone interviews. Multiple analytical approaches were employed: Ordinary least squares, probit model and simultaneous quantile regressions. The results showed that COVID-19 had significantly increased the poverty levels of households, while deteriorating living standards. The study also showed that gender and locational heterogeneities exist regarding the impact of COVID-19 with females and rural dwellers mostly disadvantaged. However, the simultaneous quantile regression showed that in terms of overall household consumption, those in the middle and upper classes were heavily affected compared to those in the lowest class. A key policy implication from this study is that Ghana needs to broaden its social protection programmes to assist both the new poor and existing poor.

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Section: Econometric Estimation Of Effect Of Covid-19 On Poverty and supporting

confidence: 57%

Impact of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards in Ghana: A micro perspective

Bukari

Essilfie

Aning-Agyei

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 Coverage in the media and some studies examine partisan heterogeneity in response to COVID-19 with no or few controls for differential risk exposure or costs of social distancing (e.g., Economist 2020; Andersen 2020). Baker et al (2020) use transaction-level data and examine heterogeneity in consumption responses to COVID-19. 2 Pastor and Veronesi (2019) also find that Democrats are more risk averse than Republicans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization and Public Health: Partisan Differences in Social Distancing during the Coronavirus Pandemic

Allcott¹,

Boxell²,

Conway³

et al. 2020

292

160

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We study partisan differences in Americans' response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Political leaders and media outlets on the right and left have sent divergent messages about the severity of the crisis, which could impact the extent to which Republicans and Democrats engage in social distancing and other efforts to reduce disease transmission. We develop a simple model of a pandemic response with heterogeneous agents that clarifies the causes and consequences of heterogeneous responses. We use location data from a large sample of smartphones to show that areas with more Republicans engage in less social distancing, controlling for other factors including public policies, population density, and local COVID cases and deaths. We then present new survey evidence of significant gaps at the individual level between Republicans and Democrats in self-reported social distancing, beliefs about personal COVID risk, and beliefs about the future severity of the pandemic.

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“…The first COVID-19 test in the city was conducted on January 29, 2020, with the first positive result not confirmed until February 23, 2020. Nevertheless, by April 6, 2020, 1 Economists have already begun to analyze many of the questions raised by the pandemic; see, for example, Baker et al (2020), Bergen, Herkenhoff, and Mongey (2020), Harris (2020, andLang, Wang, andYang (2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic Determinants of Testing Incidence and COVID-19 Infections in New York City Neighborhoods

Borjas

2020

SSRN Journal

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New York City is the hot spot of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. This paper merges information on the number of tests and the number of infections at the New York City zip code level with demographic and socioeconomic information from the decennial census and the American Community Surveys. People residing in poor or immigrant neighborhoods were less likely to be tested; but the likelihood that a test was positive was larger in those neighborhoods, as well as in neighborhoods with larger households or predominantly black populations. The rate of infection in the population depends on both the frequency of tests and on the fraction of positive tests among those tested. The non-randomness in testing across New York City neighborhoods indicates that the observed correlation between the rate of infection and the socioeconomic characteristics of a community tells an incomplete story of how the pandemic evolved in a congested urban setting.

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How Does Household Spending Respond to an Epidemic? Consumption During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 494 publications

References 0 publications

Impact of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards in Ghana: A micro perspective

Impact of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards in Ghana: A micro perspective

Polarization and Public Health: Partisan Differences in Social Distancing during the Coronavirus Pandemic

Demographic Determinants of Testing Incidence and COVID-19 Infections in New York City Neighborhoods

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