How Does Incarcerating Young People Affect Their Adult Health Outcomes?

Barnert, Elizabeth S.; Dudovitz, Rebecca; Nelson, Bergen B.; Coker, Tumaini R.; Biely, Christopher; Li, Ning; Chung, Paul J.

doi:10.1542/peds.2016-2624

Cited by 111 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In a prior study using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) data, we found that young people's incarceration duration was associated with worse adult general health and higher rates of mobility limitations, depressive symptoms, and suicidal thoughts. 11 Other studies have similarly found any youth incarceration to be associated with worse adult general health, 11 higher rates of mobility limitations, 11 depressive symptoms, 11 obesity, 12 and hypertension and other stress-related illness. 13 Unfortunately, none of these studies, including our previous publication, have provided data to understand how incarceration of individuals during childhood compared to incarcerated at other young adult ages may be associated with their health outcomes in adulthood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…For selecting the third category of covariates (i.e., other variables associated with incarceration and health), we applied an ecological framework 18 in reviewing relevant literature 7,13,19,20 to identify potential individual, family, and community-level factors potentially associated with both youth incarceration and health. Potential individual youthlevel covariates that we examined were: school connectedness (measured via 5-item scale, [Cronbach's alpha 0.83 21 ]; high-school grade point average (based on most recent grades) 11 ; perceived likelihood of attending college (measured via single-item 5-point scale); delinquent behaviors (measured via 12-item Serious Delinquency Scale, [Cronbach's alpha 0.81] 22 ); regular alcohol use (defined as drinking alcohol ≥2 days per month); cigarette use (defined as cigarette use once or more during the prior 30 days; marijuana use (defined as marijuana use at least once in the prior 30 days); and other drug use (defined as using "other drugs" such as cocaine once or more in the prior 30 days). Candidate family-level covariates were family household structure (categorized per Add Health as 2 biological parents, 2parent [≥1 non-biological], single parent, other); parental incarceration (measured via singleitem response); and family connectedness (measured via 3-item scale, Cronbach's alpha 0.77 23 ).…”

Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Is the Relationship Between Incarceration of Children and Adult Health Outcomes?

Barnert

Abrams

Dudovitz

et al. 2019

Academic Pediatrics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is the Relationship Between Incarceration of Children and Adult Health Outcomes?

Barnert

Abrams

Dudovitz

et al. 2019

Academic Pediatrics

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“…These strategies may optimize developmental outcomes and reduce exposure to adverse events that dramatically alter the lived experiences, health, and perceived self-value of youth. 48,129,130 Optimizing Clinical Practice…”

Section: How Pediatricians Can Address and Ameliorate The Effects Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Racism on Child and Adolescent Health

2019

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The American Academy of Pediatrics is committed to addressing the factors that affect child and adolescent health with a focus on issues that may leave some children more vulnerable than others. Racism is a social determinant of health that has a profound impact on the health status of children, adolescents, emerging adults, and their families. Although progress has been made toward racial equality and equity, the evidence to support the continued negative impact of racism on health and well-being through implicit and explicit biases, institutional structures, and interpersonal relationships is clear. The objective of this policy statement is to provide an evidence-based document focused on the role of racism in child and adolescent development and health outcomes. By acknowledging the role of racism in child and adolescent health, pediatricians and other pediatric health professionals will be able to proactively engage in strategies to optimize clinical care, workforce development, professional education, systems engagement, and research in a manner designed to reduce the health effects of structural, personally mediated, and internalized racism and improve the health and well-being of all children, adolescents, emerging adults, and their families. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Racism is a "system of structuring opportunity and assigning value based on the social interpretation of how one looks (which is what we call 'race') that unfairly disadvantages some individuals and communities, unfairly advantages other individuals and communities, and saps the strength of the whole society through the waste of human resources." 1 Racism is a social determinant of health 2 that has a profound impact on the health status of children, adolescents, emerging adults, and their families. 3-8 Although progress has been made toward racial equality and equity, 9 the evidence to support the continued negative impact of racism on health and well-being through implicit and explicit biases, institutional structures, and interpersonal relationships is clear. 10 Failure to address racism will

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“…Some mental health conditions directly contribute to youths’ propensity to offend or to be viewed as offenders, while other mental health conditions result from the incarceration and post-incarceration experiences endured by the youth 6 . Common mental health conditions in the juvenile justice population include attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, depression, anxiety, conduct disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Mental Health and Substance use Treatment Needs of Commercially Sexually Exploited Youth Participating in a Specialty Juvenile Court

Cook

Barnert

Ijadi-Maghsoodi

et al. 2018

Behavioral Medicine

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The study sought to: 1) describe the mental health and substance use profiles among participants of a specialty trafficking court program (the Succeed Though Achievement and Resilience Court); 2) describe youths’ mental health and substance use treatment prior to participating in the program; and 3) examine whether abuse influences report of mental health problems and/or substance use. Retrospective case review of court files was performed on commercially sexually exploited youth who volunteered to participate in the court from 2012 to 2014 (N=184). All participants were female. Mental health problems and report of substance use was high among this population. Substance use differed at statistically significant levels between youth with a documented abuse history compared to those with no abuse history. Substance use also differed by report of mental health problems. Unexpected findings included the high rate of hospitalization for mental health problems and relatively low substance use treatment prior to STAR Court participation. Opportunities for improvement in critical points of contact to identify commercially sexually exploited youth and address their health needs are discussed.

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How Does Incarcerating Young People Affect Their Adult Health Outcomes?

Cited by 111 publications

References 21 publications

What Is the Relationship Between Incarceration of Children and Adult Health Outcomes?

What Is the Relationship Between Incarceration of Children and Adult Health Outcomes?

The Impact of Racism on Child and Adolescent Health

Exploring Mental Health and Substance use Treatment Needs of Commercially Sexually Exploited Youth Participating in a Specialty Juvenile Court

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