The growing research interest in educational leadership requires the investigation of new school leadership perspectives as schools become more complex structures. This article explored the perceptions of primary school teachers and administrators on leadership capacity of their schools and related factors. This study employed a mixed method in which both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used together. A total of 2370 participants including teachers, vice principals and principals from 179 primary schools were included in the quantitative part of the study while 18 participants including teachers and school administrators participated in the qualitative part of the study. The research findings suggested that participants' levels of perception on distributed leadership and shared school vision subscales were lower than their levels of perceptions on collaboration and shared responsibility and perceived student achievement. The findings also illustrated that participants from schools with high leadership capacity thought they participated in vision building and instructional decision-making processes more frequently. The paper draws implications for improving teaching and learning in the schoolhouse.© 2015 IOJES. All rights reserved Keywords: Leadership capacity; school principals; vice principals, teachers, primary schools
IntroductionEducational leadership is one of the most important factors that have a deep impact on building high quality learning and teaching environment at the school level and improving student achievement (Blase & Blase, 1999;, Dinham & Crowther, 2011, King & Bouchard, 2011. A great deal of research effort has been spent until now on investigating the relationships between educational leadership and student achievement (e.g. Alig-Mielcarek, 2003;Botello, 1997;Gentilucci & Muto, 2007;O'Donnell & White, 2005;Hearn, 2010;Nettles & Herrington, 2007;Kythreotis, Pashiardis, & Kyriakides, 2010;Louis, Dretzke, & Wahlstrom, 2010;Quinn, 2002;Robinson, Lloyd, & Rowe, 2008;Valentine & Prater, 2011; Witziers, Bosger, & Krüger, 2003), student learning (e.g. Krug, 1992;Leithwood, Patten, & Jantzi, 2010), improving instruction (e.g. Blase & Blase, 1999;Jenkins, 1985;Leithwood, Harris, & Hopkins, 2008), and school improvement (e.g. Delaney, 1997;Hallinger & Heck, 1998;Jackson 2000). These studies genereally focus on the direct and indirect effects of principal leadership on student achievement and on contribution of leadership processes to school improvement.Scholars have recently discussed that school principals' workload is getting harder, and that new roles and behaviors are expected from them (Bush, 1998;Grubb & Flessa, 2006;Hallinger & Heck, 2010). For instance, school principals are expected to exert a great deal of effort and time to build a focused school culture as they are likely to lead a school in balkanized school cultures where teachers belong to different * This article arose from a doctoral dissertation of Ali Çağatay Kılınç, which was titled "Determining the Leadership Ca...