How Effective is the Cognitive Interview When Used with Adults with Intellectual Disabilities Specifically with Conversation Recall?

Clarke, Jason; Prescott, Katherine; Milne, Rebecca

doi:10.1111/jar.12049

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…in a related vein, individuals in both ID groups also provided fewer details than did their MA matches. This finding is in accordance with those in previous studies, which have found the retrieval skills of ID individuals to be less effective, detracting from the completeness of their witnessing reports (Clarke et al, 2013; Milne et al, 1999; Perlman et al, 1994; Ternes & Yuille, 2008). But, although previous findings lead one to expect individuals with moderate ID to provide fewer details in comparison to MA matches (Agnew & Powell, 2004; Brown et al, 2015, 2012; but see Henry & Gudjonsson, 2003), they also pointed to a similarity between those with mild ID and their MA matches in detail production (Brown et al, 2015, 2012; Henry & Gudjonsson, 2003; but see Agnew & Powell, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…As opposed to studies of ID children, eyewitness studies of ID adults have not employed MA or CA matches but rather comparison groups made of TD adults. These studies have found that, like children with mild ID, adults with mild ID do not provide as many details as do TD counterparts (Clarke, Prescott, & Milne, 2013; Milne, Clare, & Bull, 1999; Perlman, Ericson, Esses, & Isaacs, 1994; Ternes & Yuille, 2008). As for the accuracy of their statements, results have been mixed: Whereas some studies have found adults with mild ID to be as accurate as are TD counterparts in some or all parts of the interview (Perlman et al, 1994; Ternes & Yuille, 2008), others have found them to be less accurate (Clarke et al, 2013; Milne et al, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

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NICHD-protocol investigations of individuals with intellectual disability: A descriptive analysis.

Hershkowitz

2018

Psychology, Public Policy, and Law

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The current study followed investigative interviews with individuals with mild and moderate intellectual disability (ID) and observed both the types of prompts addressed to them and the nature of their responses. The sample comprised 200 alleged victims, in 4 equal and matched groups: individuals with mild ID and their mental-age (MA) matches, and individuals with moderate ID and their MA matches. All alleged victims were interviewed by trained investigators who followed the protocol of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, known to promote developmentally sensitive interviews. A descriptive analysis revealed that individuals with ID were faced with a substantial number of prompts, with recall prompts dominating the interviews. They replied to almost all prompts, addressed substantive issues following over 2/3 of the prompts, and provided new details following 1/3 of the prompts, but they tended to respond at lower rates than did their counterparts. The number of details was generally lower among individuals with ID. However, all but the moderate ID group produced more details following recall than recognition prompts. Performance varied according to the severity of ID, with the mild ID group outperforming the moderate ID group. The findings challenge the notion that individuals with ID cannot participate in criminal investigations or act as witnesses. The data suggest that when abuse is suspected, awareness of their weakness and strengths is likely to promote informed and effective interviewing, which may yield valuable forensic evidence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

NICHD-protocol investigations of individuals with intellectual disability: A descriptive analysis.

Hershkowitz

2018

Psychology, Public Policy, and Law

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“…It seems that once memory is exhausted in a free recall, an open prompt to extend a free recall may not be a useful tool for acquiring high-quality information. Indeed, past research examining the efficacy of the cognitive interview often found that second and third retrieval attempts had lower accuracy rates than an initial free recall (e.g., Clarke, Prescott, & Milne, 2013;. More recent research has also found this effect (see Kontogianni et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Demonstrating detail in investigative interviews—An examination of the DeMo technique

Boon

Milne

Rosloot³

et al. 2020

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Summary Attaining an uninterrupted free report (FR) is at the heart of best practice investigative interviewing guidance. However, witnesses/victims do not naturally provide detailed accounts. Techniques have been developed to counter‐act this, such as a report everything (RE) instruction. This research examined the relative effectiveness of an addition to the RE component, a demonstration of the level of detail, using a behavioural exemplar, by describing an innocuous object; the Demonstration for More detail (DeMo) technique. Participants (N = 61) watched a mock crime video and asked to recall it using one of three instructions: (a) basic FR as the control, (b) RE instruction and (c) RE instruction plus DeMo technique. Participants who were given the DeMo technique recalled more details than both the control and RE groups. Accuracy rates were similarly high across all conditions. The implications of using the DeMo technique within an investigative interview are discussed.

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The Cognitive Interview and Its Use for People with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Richards¹,

Milne

2018

The Wiley Handbook of Memory, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and the Law

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How Effective is the Cognitive Interview When Used with Adults with Intellectual Disabilities Specifically with Conversation Recall?

Abstract: The findings suggest that the CI can enable adults with intellectual disability to provide a fuller picture about an experienced event. Implications of this research are discussed.

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

NICHD-protocol investigations of individuals with intellectual disability: A descriptive analysis.

NICHD-protocol investigations of individuals with intellectual disability: A descriptive analysis.

Demonstrating detail in investigative interviews—An examination of the DeMo technique

The Cognitive Interview and Its Use for People with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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