How environmental enrichment affects behavioral and glucocorticoid responses in captive blue-and-yellow macaws ( Ara ararauna )

Almeida, Ana Claudia de; Palme, Rupert; Moreira, Nei

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2017.12.019

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Boinski et al (1999) found that Sapajus apella decrease body care activities during enrichment. Likewise, macaws are known to reduce body care (preening) during environmental enrichment (De Almeida et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…handling, nursing, breeding) (Morgan & Tromborg, 2007;Dickens & Benley, 2014;Quadros et al, 2014). Stress induced by these factors can compel the species to modify their behavior and activity budgets to adapt into the environment (Young, 2003;De Azevedo, 2007;Novak et al, 2017;De Almeida et al, 2018). Among behavioral changes, stereotypies are key for eavesdropping animal welfare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These activities aim to increase the possibilities that captive animals express their motor, exploratory and cognitive abilities in ways that most closely resemble their natural forms (Young, 2003). Such enrichment has great potential to promote physiological and mental well-being in captive animals as it can substantially reduce stress levels (Mellen & Macphee, 2001;De Almeida et al, 2018). Even though the application of environmental enrichment is now widely used, systematic testing of its effectiveness is rarely conducted (Mellen & Macphee, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental enrichment for captive capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.) using natural material

Sobroza

Fortes

2018

Revista Brasileira De Zoociências

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Captive environments are relatively less complex as compared to wild, and consequently contain less stimuli for any animal within them, which may be stressful. One approach to mitigate stress in captive animals is the application of environmental enrichment techniques. Capuchin monkeys are among the most common primates in captivity, therefore, evaluating the efficacy of environmental enrichment techniques for these species is important. In this study, we evaluated the effects of natural material as environmental enrichment for Sapajus spp. We performed a comparative study of the behavior of seven individuals when their enclosure was non-enriched and enriched with bamboo, leaf-litter and bromeliads. Our results suggested that activities such as body care and affiliative interactions were less frequent when environmentally enriching objects were placed in their enclosure. They also spent more time in object manipulation, and monitoring behavior significantly reduced during these periods. Of the three materials used, we consider bamboo the most efficient enrichment material, since it remained in the enclosure longer and so attracted capuchin attention for a more extended period, and significantly modified their behavior.Resumo. Enriquecimento ambiental para macacos-prego (Sapajus spp.) usando materiais naturais. Ambientes de cativeiro podem ser estressantes aos animais uma vez que são relativamente menos complexos que ambientes naturais e contém menos estímulos. Uma das abordagens para reduzir o estresse de animais em cativeiro é a aplicação de técnicas de enriquecimento ambiental. Macacos-prego estão entre os primatas mais comumente encontrados em cativeiro. Portanto, é importante avaliar a efetividade de técnicas de enriquecimento ambiental para essas espécies. Neste estudo tivemos como objetivo estimar a eficiência de materiais naturais como enriquecimento ambiental para espécies do gênero Sapajus. Para tanto, comparamos o comportamento de sete indivíduos quando submetidos à adição de bambu, folhiço e bromélias em seus recintos. Diante dos enriquecimentos ambientais, os macacos-prego reduziram a frequência de atividades de cuidado corporal e interações afiliativas. Eles também aumentaram a frequência de manipulação de objetos e reduziram a frequência de monitoramento do ambiente durante os períodos com enriquecimento. Concluímos que o bambu foi a ferramenta mais eficaz de enriquecimento, pois permaneceu mais tempo intacto no recinto e com isso atraiu a atenção dos macacos-prego por mais tempo, modificando de forma significativa seu comportamento.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental enrichment for captive capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.) using natural material

Sobroza

Fortes

2018

Revista Brasileira De Zoociências

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“…Applied research should be used to inform these policy documents. There is a growing body of published work on applied animal welfare science in the zoo sector which explores the welfare consequences of various factors such as enrichment provision [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], enclosure design [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], social groupings [ 20 ], and human impacts [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. This type of research is valuable in informing housing and husbandry standards for zoos, and clearly further study is needed to address the wide taxonomic spread of species housed in these settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Animal Welfare Risk Assessment Process for Zoos

Sherwen

Hemsworth

Beausoleil

et al. 2018

Animals

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Simple SummaryTo retain social license to operate, achieving and maintaining high standards of animal welfare need to be institutional priorities for zoos. In order to be confident in the delivery of high standards of animal welfare, a holistic evidence-based approach to welfare assessment is required. This should include a combination of institutional-level assessments, individual animal monitoring tools, and applied research targeted at advancing our understanding of species needs and preferences in zoos. Progress has certainly been made in the zoo sector in development of research programs and individual animal welfare monitoring tools. Comparatively less focus has been applied to institutional-level assessment processes. This paper aims to fill this gap and presents an outline of a welfare risk assessment process developed and trialed at three zoos over a three year period and discussion of the potential value it offers, as well as the limitations of its use.AbstractThere is a growing interest and need for zoos to develop and implement welfare assessment tools that are practical to use and provide meaningful results that can inform management decisions. This paper presents a process that was developed to support this type of evidence-based management in zoo animal welfare. The process is configured to facilitate institutional risk assessment, using an adapted version of the Five Domains Model for animal welfare assessment. It is designed to systematically analyse information gathered from zoo personnel in order to highlight areas of welfare risk, as well as areas that are performing well and areas requiring further investigation. A trial was conducted on three zoos over three years. Results of the trial suggest the process developed is practical and effective in identifying areas of welfare risk in a wide range of species in a zoo setting. It represents a further step towards achieving high-level animal welfare in zoos by integrating animal welfare as an institutional priority. The more zoos that employ such strategies, the greater the ability of the sector to advance the welfare of the animals in their care.

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“…And, although only some of them use fully validated methods, this approach seems to offer a very attractive sampling alternative for this group of birds (Young and Hallford, 2013; Ferreira et al. , 2015; de Almeida et al. , 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%