How Fire Risk Perception Impacts Evacuation Behavior: A Review of the Literature

Qin, Hua; Gao, Xiaodan

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-22507-0_31

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…We found numerous examples of individuals adjusting their gait while passing others, of facilitating space for others, and in line with two CCTV studies of earthquake evacuations (Gu et al, 2016;Yang et al, 2011), of queuing to exit (see also, Drury et al, 2009b). This diversity of behavior supports a growing body of review evidence stressing non-uniformity in evacuation behavior (Pietrantoni & Prati, 2009;Qin & Gao, 2019). The greater likelihood of the evacuees demonstrating pro-sociality over antisociality is in line with experimental findings (Cao et al, 2018) and analyses of survivor statements (for review, see Drury, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…To assess whether there is an association between the physical area of the carriage in which an individual is situated when the explosion occurs and running behavior, we subdivided all individuals into three spatial groups (see Figure 3). Group 1 (n = 6) comprised of individuals close enough to see initial explosion (i.e., the physical cue of danger- Qin & Gao, 2019), situated between the explosion and the back-end of the car. Group 2 (n = 14) comprised of the individuals close enough to see the initial explosion (i.e., the physical cue of danger- Qin & Gao, 2019) situated between the explosion and front-end of the car.…”

Section: Running and Walking Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Group 1 (n = 6) comprised of individuals close enough to see initial explosion (i.e., the physical cue of danger- Qin & Gao, 2019), situated between the explosion and the back-end of the car. Group 2 (n = 14) comprised of the individuals close enough to see the initial explosion (i.e., the physical cue of danger- Qin & Gao, 2019) situated between the explosion and front-end of the car. As such, Group 1 and Group 2 were both close enough to see the immediate explosion.…”

Section: Running and Walking Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evacuation Behavior in a Subway Train Emergency: A Video-based Analysis

Philpot

Levine

2021

Environment and Behavior

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How do people behave in the seconds after they become aware they have been caught up in a real-life transport emergency? This paper presents the first micro-behavioral, video-based analysis of the behavior of passengers during a small explosion and subsequent fire on a subway train. We analyzed the behavior of 40 passengers present in the same carriage as the explosion. We documented the first action of the passengers following the onset of the emergency and described evidence of pro- and anti-social behavior. Passengers’ first actions varied widely. Moreover, anti-social behavior was rare and displays of pro-sociality were more common. In a quantitative analysis, we examined spatial clustering of running behavior and patterns in passenger exit choices. We found both homogeneity and heterogeneity in the running behavior and exiting choices of passengers. We discuss the implications of these findings for the mass emergency literature and for evacuation modeling.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Running and Walking Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Running and Walking Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evacuation Behavior in a Subway Train Emergency: A Video-based Analysis

Philpot

Levine

2021

Environment and Behavior

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“…Takagi et al (2019) stated that immediate signals can help better preparation and response to disaster evacuation in Typhoon disasters. However, the fire cues as a disaster signal perceived by people would be interpreted as safe or risk (Qin and Gao, 2019). Thus, the experiment showed several students were reluctant at first when they only heard the sound without seeing any smoke, and they started to evacuate when smoke occurred.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of disaster awareness factors and evacuation experiment without emergency alarm: fire case study

Adhiutama

Darmawan

Nuraeni

et al. 2020

IJES

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PurposeThe lack of studies about the relevance of disaster awareness factors and disaster evacuation as a part of disaster responses especially for fire cases in an academic environment in Indonesia has triggered this study to explore the disaster awareness factors and evacuation experiment without emergency alarm for case study students in the classroom. The relevance of disaster awareness factors in transforming into practical action and decision in a disaster evacuation need to be examined to study the relevance of both phases in disaster.Design/methodology/approachThis research conducted a quantitative approach by studying questionnaires from 162 respondents collectively divided into five groups to examine the student disaster awareness factors randomly from those groups. The qualitative approach was implemented through the evacuation experiments that were conducted twice to analyze the disaster evacuation performance. The analysis for the relevance is conducted by comparing the result of the questionnaire study and the evacuation experiment.FindingsAccording to the questionnaire study, generally, the students are highly confident with their hazard knowledge in disaster awareness except that half of them are doubtful about appropriate steps in a disaster. The experiment without explosive sound showed that they have slower responses in the critical moment of evacuation. The response in the experiments showed relevance with several disaster awareness factorsResearch limitations/implicationsThis study has explored the relevance of disaster awareness factors with disaster response in a campus building. In the part of reducing risk during fire disaster, this research shows the importance of social interaction and hazard knowledge during the disaster.Practical implicationsThe improvement of disaster evacuation procedures and training in a campus building is mandatory to reduce disaster risk based on the relevance of disaster awareness factors and disaster response in this study.Originality/valueThis study measures the relevance of disaster awareness factors performance of the students by comparing it to their actions and decisions in an experimental setting of fire building. The disaster awareness factor performance was measured by a questionnaire survey while the experiments were deployed to observe the performance of their actions and decisions during evacuation as part of the disaster response phase.

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“…Fire evacuation simulations should consider the impact of buildings material on the fire spread rate. Moreover, fire cues and the building architecture impact the decision-making and responding behaviours of evacuees [92]. Authors in [1] created a model that allows for customization of number of fires, fire spread rate, and smoke production rate.…”

Section: B Emergency Type and Environment Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Issues in Agent-Based Simulation for Pedestrians Evacuation

2020

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Crowd evacuation in emergencies may lead to fatalities if the evacuation plans were not tested and evaluated. Traditionally, evacuation drills have been, and still are, being used to assess evacuation plans. However, in recent years the simulation of evacuation plans during emergencies has emerged as a strong alternative that is cost effective and potentially more accurate. Agent-Based Simulation (ABS) is the preferred type of simulation for evacuation scenarios, due to its ability to model individual decisionmaking and social behaviour. In this paper we conduct meta-analysis of eighty-one peer-reviewed papers published between 2009 and 2019 that used ABS to model pedestrian evacuation. Our analysis assesses the current state-of-art and identifies opportunities for improvement. We identify seven dimensions over which the surveyed papers agree or differ. The dimensions include purpose of the simulation, type of emergency and environment considerations, type and scale of evacuated space, simulation software used, agents' characteristics and behaviour, support of evacuation policies, and analysis and validation. We conduct meta-analysis of the surveyed papers along the identified dimensions. One of the main findings of our analysis is the lack of a standardized validation methodology for ABS of emergency evacuation.

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How Fire Risk Perception Impacts Evacuation Behavior: A Review of the Literature

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Evacuation Behavior in a Subway Train Emergency: A Video-based Analysis

Evacuation Behavior in a Subway Train Emergency: A Video-based Analysis

Relevance of disaster awareness factors and evacuation experiment without emergency alarm: fire case study

Research Issues in Agent-Based Simulation for Pedestrians Evacuation

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