How fluid-mediated rock transformations can mimic hydro-fracturing patterns in hydrothermal dolomite

Centrella, Stephen; Beaudoin, Nicolas; Koehn, Daniel; Motte, Geoffrey; Hoareau, Guilhem; Callot, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2022.105657

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…However, there are several examples of zebra textures where the adjacent fracture walls do not match, particularly at the Kicking Horse Rim (Figure 5g,h). This observation suggests that the contact between RD and SD was dissolution enhanced (Morrow, 2014; Wallace & Hood, 2018) or underwent recrystallization (Centrella et al, 2022; Kelka et al, 2017). Evidence in support of recrystallization includes (i) the increased crystal size from RD1 to RD2 and (ii) the shift from oscillatory‐zoned, planar‐e dolomite to an unzoned mosaic of planar‐s dolomite (Koeshidayatullah et al, 2020; Stacey et al, 2021).…”

Section: Interpretationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…have also recognized the importance of recrystallization on the formation of these rock textures, at P/T conditions approaching low-grade metamorphism (Centrella et al, 2022;Kelka et al, 2015Kelka et al, , 2017. The wide range of models that have been proposed to explain the genesis of zebra textures can be grouped into (i) sedimentological models (i.e.…”

Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recent studies, however, have suggested that fracturing is the dominant process by which these cavities are generated (Hiemstra & Goldstein, 2015; López‐Horgue et al, 2009; Nielsen et al, 1998; Swennen et al, 2003; Wallace et al, 1994; Wallace & Hood, 2018), with zebra textures reported in a wide range of compressional (Gabellone et al, 2014; Gasparrini et al, 2006; Iannace et al, 2012; Kareem et al, 2019; Sharp et al, 2010; Vandeginste et al, 2014), strike‐slip (Dewit et al, 2014; López‐Horgue et al, 2010; Swennen et al, 2012) and extensional (Boni et al, 2000; Shelton et al, 2019; Stacey et al, 2021) tectonic settings. A smaller number of studies have also recognized the importance of recrystallization on the formation of these rock textures, at P/T conditions approaching low‐grade metamorphism (Centrella et al, 2022; Kelka et al, 2015, 2017). The wide range of models that have been proposed to explain the genesis of zebra textures can be grouped into (i) sedimentological models (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basin scale evolution of zebra textures in fault‐controlled, hydrothermal dolomite bodies: Insights from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin

et al. 2023

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Structurally controlled dolomitization typically involves the interaction of high‐pressure (P), high‐temperature (T) fluids with the surrounding host rock. Such reactions are often accompanied by cementation and recrystallization, with the resulting hydrothermal dolomite (HTD) bodies including several ‘diagnostic’ rock textures. Zebra textures, associated with boxwork textures and dolomite breccias, are widely considered to reflect these elevated P/T conditions. Although a range of conceptual models have been proposed to explain the genesis of these rock textures, the processes that control their spatial and temporal evolution are still poorly understood. Through the detailed petrographical and geochemical analysis of HTD bodies, hosted in the Middle Cambrian strata in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin, this study demonstrates that a single genetic model cannot be applied to all the characteristics of these rock textures. Instead, a wide array of sedimentological, tectonic and metasomatic processes contribute to their formation; each of which is spatially and temporally variable at the basin scale. Distal to the fluid source, dolomitization is largely stratabound, comprising replacement dolomite, bedding‐parallel zebra textures and rare dolomite breccias (non‐stratabound, located only proximal to faults). Dolomitization is increasingly non‐stratabound with proximity to the fluid source, comprising bedding‐inclined zebra textures, boxwork textures and dolomite breccias that have been affected by recrystallization. Petrographical and geochemical evidence suggests that these rock textures were initiated due to dilatational fracturing, brecciation and precipitation of saddle dolomite as a cement, but significant recrystallization occurred during the later stages of dolomitization. These rock textures are closely associated with faults and carbonate‐hosted ore deposits (e.g. magnesite, rare earth element and Mississippi Valley–type mineralization), thus providing invaluable information regarding fluid flux and carbonate metasomatism under elevated P/T conditions.

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Section: Interpretationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basin scale evolution of zebra textures in fault‐controlled, hydrothermal dolomite bodies: Insights from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin

et al. 2023

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“…More interestingly, there is a wealth of direct markers of past fluid flow, like cements precipitating in breccia during hydrofracturing (Fig. 2i), even though the link between breccia texture and hydrofracturing is nowadays questioned (Centrella et al 2022). Mineralogical phase transformation such as dolomitization is another example of a well-studied marker that allows reconstruction of the past fluid system (e.g.…”

Section: E Past Fluid Flow Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2i) or, better, of striated calcite steps (Fig. 2h) is a reliable way to ensure that the cement precipitated from a fluid involved during the deformation, provided the breccia cement is not a simple matter of recrystallization (Centrella et al 2022). In the case of veins, a robust petrographic study is systematically required prior to any geochemical analysis being performed.…”

Section: Bounding Cement Precipitation From Past Fluid To Deformation...mentioning

confidence: 99%

How the geochemistry of syn-kinematic calcite cement depicts past fluid flow and assists structural interpretations: a review of concepts and applications in orogenic forelands

Beaudoin

Lacombe²,

Hoareau³

et al. 2022

Geol. Mag.

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Orogenic forelands host interactions between deformation and static or migrating fluids. Given their accessibility and dimensions, these areas are not only historic landmarks for structural geology, but they are also areas of prime interest for georesource exploration and geological storage, and loci of potential geohazards. Geochemical techniques applied on cements filling tectonic structures and associated trapped fluids can constrain the temperature, pressure, origin and pathways of fluids during deformation and allow the characterization of the past fluid system. In this review focused on calcite cements, we first present and critically discuss the most used geochemical techniques to appraise specific parameters of the fluid system. Second, we summarize the outcomes of selected case studies where the past fluid system was reconstructed with consideration of tectonics, either at the scale of the individual fold/thrust or at the scale of the fold-and-thrust belt. At first order, the past fluid system evolves in a similar way with respect to the considered stage of deformation, being rather closed to external fluids when deformation is bounded to mesoscale structure development, and opening to vertical flow when thrust and folds develop. In a more detailed view, it seems that the past fluid system evolves and distributes under the influence of the structural style, of the geometry of the major faults and of the lithology of the sedimentary succession. Through this review, we illustrate the concept of geochemistry-assisted structural geology through case studies where the geochemistry of calcite veins constrained subsurface geometries and structural developments in orogenic forelands.

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Initial Geostress in Underground Cavities Obtained by In Situ Measurements and BP-ANN Inversion

Li,

Yang,

Shi

et al. 2023

Geotech Geol Eng

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How fluid-mediated rock transformations can mimic hydro-fracturing patterns in hydrothermal dolomite

Cited by 8 publications

References 55 publications

Basin scale evolution of zebra textures in fault‐controlled, hydrothermal dolomite bodies: Insights from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin

Basin scale evolution of zebra textures in fault‐controlled, hydrothermal dolomite bodies: Insights from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin

How the geochemistry of syn-kinematic calcite cement depicts past fluid flow and assists structural interpretations: a review of concepts and applications in orogenic forelands

Initial Geostress in Underground Cavities Obtained by In Situ Measurements and BP-ANN Inversion

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