How fracking is upending the chemical industry

Peplow, Mark

doi:10.1038/550026a

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Shale gas revolution results in low price of ethane, making the production of ethene from ethane economically competitive. [ 2 ] Non‐oxidative ethane dehydrogenation is a promising route for that the products are valuable ethene and hydrogen (Eq. 1).…”

Section: Background and Originality Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Framework Zr Stabilized PtSn/Zr‐MCM‐41 as a Promising Catalyst for Non‐oxidative Ethane Dehydrogenation

Shi

Zhang

et al. 2022

Chin. J. Chem.

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Comprehensive Summary Non‐oxidative ethane dehydrogenation is a promising route to produce ethene. Herein, PtSn supported catalysts were investigated to achieve better ethane dehydrogenation performance by introduction of different Zr promoters, i.e., framework Zr and ZrO2, to mesoporous MCM‐41. In‐situ XRD, TEM and CO chemisorption show that aggregation of metal particles and phase segregation of Pt3Sn to Pt and PtSn3 at high temperature occur for PtSn/M, leading to bad ethane dehydrogenation activity. Strong interaction between ZrO2 and PtSn species, as proved by XPS, results in restrained metal particles, which promotes the initial reactivity. However, Pt phase generated on surface is disadvantageous for the desorption of produced ethene as indicated by CO‐IR and C3H6‐TPD, and pyridine‐IR and NH3‐TPD indicate strong acidity generated. Both deactivate the catalyst rapidly by deep dehydrogenation and coking. Moderate interaction between PtSn species and Si‐O‐Zr with much weaker acidity is formed when framework Zr is incorporated into MCM‐41, which benefits the dispersion of metal particles, formation of Pt3Sn/Pt species and stabilization of metal species from phase segregation. Outstanding initial ethane conversion and ethene selectivity of ca. 99% were achieved for the optimal PtSn/ZrM, which is more coking‐tolerant and stable by generating graphitic carbon mainly on support instead of active metals.

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Section: Background and Originality Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Framework Zr Stabilized PtSn/Zr‐MCM‐41 as a Promising Catalyst for Non‐oxidative Ethane Dehydrogenation

Shi

Zhang

et al. 2022

Chin. J. Chem.

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“…The current propylene production is around 90 million tonnes, and it is forecasted to grow up to 130 million tonnes worldwide by 2023 . Nowadays, it is mainly obtained as a byproduct in naphtha steam cracking, but the emergence of shale-gas feedstocks will likely produce a shortage in the next years in localized geographical areas, mainly in the U.S . Therefore, an on-purpose technology for propylene production is an attractive industrial target, and its production from glycerol remains a promising route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Coupled Density Functional Theory–Microkinetic Modeling for the Hydrodeoxygenation of Glycerol to Propylene on MoO₃

Rellán‐Piñeiro

López

2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The production of propylene from renewable resources might be relevant to provide this compound in a scenario of scarcity due to the use of shale gas as a raw material. In the present, work we provide a full density functional theory description of the reaction network that drives the hydrodeoxygenation of glycerol on molybdenum oxide. From these results, a microkinetic model is built that allows the analysis of the most common routes and the potential bottlenecks compromising the activity and selectivity of the process. With this integrated scheme, we have found that the reaction proceeds mainly through the formation of hydroxypropanal, propanal, and 1-propanol, and the reaction order for hydrogen is close to 1. Our work paves the way toward the evaluation of complex reaction networks for the study of biomass compounds.

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“…According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the production of natural gases in the United States will continue to grow during the coming decades. As cheaper and abundant natural gas compounds continuously flood the market, the feedstock for chemicals and energy production is shifting from oil to gas . Upgrading the natural gas compounds into value-added olefins and aromatics, therefore, has become of great industrial importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As cheaper and abundant natural gas compounds continuously flood the market, the feedstock for chemicals and energy production is shifting from oil to gas. 1 Upgrading the natural gas compounds into valueadded olefins and aromatics, therefore, has become of great industrial importance. Although natural gases contain a significantly larger fraction of methane (approximately 80− 90%) than that of other light alkanes (known as natural-gas liquids (NGLs)), the latter have so far had more influence on the chemical industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethane Aromatization over Zn-HZSM-5: Early-Stage Acidity/Performance Relationships and Deactivation Kinetics

Liang

Fadaeerayeni

Shan³

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Catalytic conversion of ethane to aromatics (BTX) over metal/HZSM-5 catalysts involves significant catalyst deactivation due to coking. Consequently, true acidity/performance relationships are escaped if the intrinsic catalyst acidity was correlated to the "steadystate" performance. Here, the effect of acidity on the early-stage performance and time-dependent deactivation kinetics has been investigated. The early-stage ethane conversion and BTX selectivity both increased with decreasing Si/Al 2 ratios. Specifically, the space−time yields of BTX increase linearly with increasing Brønsted acidity, indicating Brønsted acids as the main active sites for BTX. Further evidence can be found from the transient experiment (C 2 H 6 /Ar ↔ C 2 H 6 /NH 3 ) and C 2 H 4 -TPSR. A promotion effect of the Zn(II) sites (mainly responsible for ethane dehydrogenation) on BTX formation was also observed. With time-on-stream, the catalytic performance attenuated due to coking, which can be modeled as "r(t) = r 0 /(1 + kt α )" kinetically, and the parameters (for aromatics) k decreased and α increased with decreasing acidity.

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How fracking is upending the chemical industry

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Framework Zr Stabilized PtSn/Zr‐MCM‐41 as a Promising Catalyst for Non‐oxidative Ethane Dehydrogenation

Framework Zr Stabilized PtSn/Zr‐MCM‐41 as a Promising Catalyst for Non‐oxidative Ethane Dehydrogenation

A Coupled Density Functional Theory–Microkinetic Modeling for the Hydrodeoxygenation of Glycerol to Propylene on MoO₃

Ethane Aromatization over Zn-HZSM-5: Early-Stage Acidity/Performance Relationships and Deactivation Kinetics

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How fracking is upending the chemical industry

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Framework Zr Stabilized PtSn/Zr‐MCM‐41 as a Promising Catalyst for Non‐oxidative Ethane Dehydrogenation

Framework Zr Stabilized PtSn/Zr‐MCM‐41 as a Promising Catalyst for Non‐oxidative Ethane Dehydrogenation

A Coupled Density Functional Theory–Microkinetic Modeling for the Hydrodeoxygenation of Glycerol to Propylene on MoO3

Ethane Aromatization over Zn-HZSM-5: Early-Stage Acidity/Performance Relationships and Deactivation Kinetics

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A Coupled Density Functional Theory–Microkinetic Modeling for the Hydrodeoxygenation of Glycerol to Propylene on MoO₃