How Fragile We Are: Influence of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) Variants on Pathogen Recognition and Immune Response Efficiency

Morere, Jeremy; Hognon, Cécilia; Miclot, Tom; Jiang, Tao; Dumont, Élise; Barone, Giampaolo; Monari, Antonio; Bignon, Emmanuelle

doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00315

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Nucleotide-based adjuvants (e.g., synthetic double-stranded RNA polyriboinosinic acid-polyribocytidylic acid [poly (I:C)], cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (2′3′-cGAMP or cGAMP)) are, on the other hand, target-specific molecules. For instance, poly (1:C), CpG ODN, and cGAMP specifically interact with Toll-like receptor (TLR) 3, TLR9, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) receptors, respectively, activating inflammatory cytokines and type 1 interferon, eventually stimulating both innate and adaptive immune responses [ 301 , 302 , 303 , 304 , 305 , 306 ].…”

Section: Administration Of Non-invasive Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Vaccines: Challenges in Formulation and Vaccine Adjuvants

2023

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Given the limitations of conventional invasive vaccines, such as the requirement for a cold chain system and trained personnel, needle-based injuries, and limited immunogenicity, non-invasive vaccines have gained significant attention. Although numerous approaches for formulating and administrating non-invasive vaccines have emerged, each of them faces its own challenges associated with vaccine bioavailability, toxicity, and other issues. To overcome such limitations, researchers have created novel supplementary materials and delivery systems. The goal of this review article is to provide vaccine formulation researchers with the most up-to-date information on vaccine formulation and the immunological mechanisms available, to identify the technical challenges associated with the commercialization of non-invasive vaccines, and to guide future research and development efforts.

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Section: Administration Of Non-invasive Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Vaccines: Challenges in Formulation and Vaccine Adjuvants

2023

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“…On the other hand, it stimulates the production of interferons and cytokines, which correlates with a proinflammatory response that creates an unfavorable environment for pathogens. 5,6 Different innate immune system pathways exist, which may also respond to different threats, such as the OAS/RNAse L pathways, [7][8][9] which is tailored to sense the presence of exogenous RNA, or the cGAS-STING 10,11 pathway, which is instead more sensitive to the presence of exogenous DNA. Recently, the role of the T cell transmembrane, Immunoglobulin, and Mucin (TIM) proteins has been particularly recognized in the regulation of the innate immune response.…”

Section: Toc Graphic Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Role of Azobenzene-Based Photoswitchable Lipids in Controlling Innate Immune Response

Delova,

Makhloutah,

Bernhard

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Controlling the activation of the innate immune response, particularly through the use of suitable visible light sources, could pave the way for the development of innovative phototimmunotherapeutic strategies. In this contribution, we investigate the effects of the E/Z isomerization on a phosphatidylserine lipid containing an isomerizable azobenzene moiety, which has recently been shown to regulate the activation of natural killer cells and the production of cytokines [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144, 3863−3874]. Specifically, we examine how this isomerization affects interactions with the innate immune system's TIM-3 receptors. Using long-range molecular dynamics simulations with enhanced sampling, we demonstrate that the Z isomer leads to a shallower binding and a less pronounced rigidification of the protein compared to the E isomer and the native lipid, which explains the less pronounced activation of the immune response.

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“…3 STING is a very critical protein in the human immune response. 4 STING is a key component of the pathway that initiates interferon production in response to viral infection 5 and is activated by cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) 6 in the presence of nuclear DNA leading to the production of type 1 interferons and inflammatory cytokines. Variants of STING exist and differ in terms of STING activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Virus‐infected cells produce interferons, signaling proteins that aid in triggering the immune system and battling the infection 3 . STING is a very critical protein in the human immune response 4 . STING is a key component of the pathway that initiates interferon production in response to viral infection 5 and is activated by cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) 6 in the presence of nuclear DNA leading to the production of type 1 interferons and inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in the enteric nervous system in health and disease

Balasubramaniam

Srinivasan

2023

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) is a crucial protein that controls the immune system's reaction to bacterial and viral infections. As a pattern‐recognition receptor, STING is found in immune cells as well as in neurons and glia in the enteric nervous system (ENS). Recent studies have linked STING to the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and gastrointestinal disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which are characterized by chronic inflammation and dysregulation of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the digestive tract. STING plays a crucial role in the pathway that induces the production of interferon in response to viral infection in the central nervous system (CNS). A new study by Dharshika et al. in the current issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility has demonstrated distinct roles for STING in enteric neurons and glia, namely activation of STING leads to IFN‐β production in enteric neurons but not in glia and reducing STING activation in enteric glia does not modulate the severity of Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis or subsequent loss of enteric neurons. Rather, the role of STING in enteric glia is related to enhancing autophagy. STING can influence gastrointestinal motility and barrier function and therefore be involved in the pathophysiology of IBS and IBD. This mini review highlights the current knowledge of STING in the pathophysiology of CNS and gastrointestinal diseases as well as these newly uncovered roles STING in enteric neurons and glia.

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How Fragile We Are: Influence of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) Variants on Pathogen Recognition and Immune Response Efficiency

Cited by 5 publications

References 57 publications

Non-Invasive Vaccines: Challenges in Formulation and Vaccine Adjuvants

Non-Invasive Vaccines: Challenges in Formulation and Vaccine Adjuvants

Unraveling the Role of Azobenzene-Based Photoswitchable Lipids in Controlling Innate Immune Response

Role of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in the enteric nervous system in health and disease

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