How has<i>Alopecurus myosuroides</i>resistance changed over the years?

Heß, Martin; Herrmann, Johannes; Krähmer, Hansjörg; Beffa, Roland

doi:10.1002/9781118720691.ch38

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Seed samples of A. myosuroides were collected from 18 fields located in the Elbe marshes in Kehdingen, Germany, because of the suspected widespread occurrence of metabolism‐based herbicide resistance in this area to different MoAs. The selected populations were compared with samples of different origins: five populations from Schwäbisch‐Hall, Germany, an area where herbicide resistance due to target‐site mutations is relatively frequent; five randomly selected populations from different field locations in the United Kingdom (UK), where resistance to ACCase and/or ALS inhibitors was observed; five randomly selected populations from fields in France where resistance to ACCase and/or ALS inhibitors was observed; and ten populations from different German field locations, where flufenacet products were applied in at least six cropping seasons before seed harvest, according to field history data (populations named Selected1–Selected10). In addition, two commercially available susceptible populations (Herbiseed‐S and Appel‐S) obtained from Herbiseed (Twyford, UK) and Appels Wilde Samen (Darmstadt, Germany), as well as five field populations from different origins in Germany without resistance problems (populations named Field1‐S–Field5‐S), were used as a susceptible reference.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Closer crop rotations and the resulting higher percentage of winter crops as well as evolving resistance have been mentioned in this context as driving factors . By 2018, resistance to seven different herbicide modes of action (MoAs) in A. myosuroides populations have been described and in many cases resistance to several MoAs accumulate within one population . When resistance to inhibitors of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACCase, HRAC group A) and acetolactate synthase (ALS, HRAC group B), in particular, has evolved within one population, only limited chemical options are available for weed control and resistance management .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced metabolism causes reduced flufenacet sensitivity in black‐grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) field populations

Dücker

Zöllner

Parcharidou

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) is a frequent grass weed that commonly occurs in winter wheat in temperate Europe. Evolving resistance to post-emergence herbicides, e.g. acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) and acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors requires more complex weed management strategies and ensuring good efficacy of pre-emergence treatments becomes increasingly important. Flufenacet, in particular, has become a key herbicide for the control of multiple-resistant A. myosuroides. However, in some of those populations, reduced flufenacet efficacy was already observed. RESULTS: In a screening of black-grass populations from severalEuropean countries, most populations were controlled with the registered field rate of flufenacet. However, differences in the level of flufenacet sensitivity were observed and correlated with glutathione S-transferase-mediated enhanced flufenacet metabolism. The efficacy of the pre-emergence herbicides pendimethalin, prosulfocarb, S-metolachlor and pethoxamid, was also significantly decreased in populations with reduced flufenacet sensitivity. The use of flufenacet in mixtures with diflufenican, particularly in combination with flurtamone or metribuzin, however, significantly improved efficacy in less susceptible black-grass populations. CONCLUSIONS: In several populations of different European origins, reduced efficacy of flufenacet was observed due to enhanced metabolism. Although differences between populations were relatively small, best weed management practices (e.g. application of full dose rates and herbicide mixtures and wide crop rotations) should be applied to reduce selection pressure and prevent flufenacet resistance from further evolving. This is particularly important as flufenacet is one of the few still-effective herbicides suitable for the control of multiple-resistant A. myosuroides genotypes in Europe, whereas alternative pre-emergence herbicides were less effective against multiple-resistant A. myosuroides populations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced metabolism causes reduced flufenacet sensitivity in black‐grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) field populations

Dücker

Zöllner

Parcharidou

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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“…Seed samples of A. myosuroides were collected from 18 fields located in the Elbe marshes in Kehdingen, Germany, because of the suspected widespread occurrence of metabolismbased herbicide resistance in this area to different MoAs. The selected populations were compared with samples of different origins: five populations from Schwäbisch-Hall, Germany, an area where herbicide resistance due to target-site mutations is relatively frequent (Hess et al, 2016;; five randomly selected populations from different field locations in the United Kingdom (UK), where resistance to ACCase and/or ALS inhibitors was observed; five randomly selected populations from fields in France where resistance to ACCase and/or ALS inhibitors was observed; and ten populations from different German field locations, where flufenacet products were applied in at least six cropping seasons before seed harvest, according to field history data (populations named Selected1-Selected10). In addition, two commercially available susceptible populations (Herbiseed-S and Appel-S) obtained from Herbiseed (Twyford, UK) and Appels Wilde Samen (Darmstadt, Germany), as well as five field populations from different origins in Germany without resistance problems (populations named Field1-S-Field5-S), were used as a susceptible reference.…”

Section: Alopecurus Myosuroides Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Closer crop rotations and the resulting higher percentage of winter crops as well as evolving resistance have been mentioned in this context as driving factors (Krähmer, 2016;Moss, 2017). By 2018, resistance to seven different herbicide modes of action (MoAs) in A. myosuroides populations have been described and in many cases resistance to several MoAs accumulate within one population Rosenhauer and Petersen, 2015;Hess et al, 2016;Heap, 2019). When resistance to inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase, HRAC group A) and acetolactate synthase (ALS, HRAC group B), in particular, has evolved within one population, only limited chemical options are available for weed control and resistance management (Moss, 2017;Peterson et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms of Flufenacet Resistance in Grass Weeds

Dücker¹

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BACKGROUND: In weeds such as Lolium spp. or Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.resistance to the pre-emergence herbicide flufenacet is predominantly caused by enhanced glutathione transferase (GST) activity. This resistance mechanism can result in survival of more than ten times the registered field rate of Lolium populations. Until present, neither GST isoforms nor gene regulation have been reported to be involved in flufenacet resistance in weeds. In this study, we characterized differentially expressed genes in flufenacet resistant Lolium populations using RNA-Seq and validated candidate GSTs. RESULTS: A differential gene expression and gene ontology analysis revealed significant upregulation of GST and glucosyltransferase (GT) activity as well as other stress-related activity in resistant Lolium populations. Among four candidate genes, two heterologously expressed glutathione transferases were shown to detoxify flufenacet and one isoform additionally degraded S-metolachlor and pyroxasulfone in vitro. However, diflufenican, diclofop-methyl, and mesosulfuron-methyl were not detoxified.CONCLUSION: The identification of two different GST isoforms detoxifying flufenacet at different rates suggests that flufenacet resistance is based on upregulation of at least one GST with a high affinity to flufenacet as well as a cumulative resistance in combination with GSTs with a lower substrate specificity e.g. GST3. Cross-resistance with S-metolachlor was found in planta and in vitro, however, no cross-resistance was observed with diflufenican, diclofop-methyl, and mesosulfuron-methyl. Therefore, these herbicides are likely suitable in combination with flufenacet in a resistance management program.

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“…Among them are European populations of the grassy weed Alopecurus myosuroides, where herbicide resistance results in significant yield losses for farmers (Rosenhauer et al, 2013;Varah et al, 2019). In fact, widespread resistance to ACCase inhibitors in A. myosuroides has greatly limited the ability of farmers to effectively control this problematic weed (Délye et al, 2010;Heap, 2014a;Hess et al, 2022;Rosenhauer et al, 2013). Aryloxyphenoxy-propionates (FOPs), phenylpyrazolines (DENs) and cyclohexanediones (DIMs) all block the first step in fatty acid synthesis by inhibiting ACCase catalytic activity (Walker et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep haplotype analyses of target‐site resistance locus ACCase in blackgrass enabled by pool‐based amplicon sequencing

Kersten

Rabanal

Herrmann³

et al. 2023

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary Rapid adaptation of weeds to herbicide applications in agriculture through resistance development is a widespread phenomenon. In particular, the grass Alopecurus myosuroides is an extremely problematic weed in cereal crops with the potential to manifest resistance in only a few generations. Target‐site resistances (TSRs), with their strong phenotypic response, play an important role in this rapid adaptive response. Recently, using PacBio's long‐read amplicon sequencing technology in hundreds of individuals, we were able to decipher the genomic context in which TSR mutations occur. However, sequencing individual amplicons are costly and time‐consuming, thus impractical to implement for other resistance loci or applications. Alternatively, pool‐based approaches overcome these limitations and provide reliable allele frequencies, although at the expense of not preserving haplotype information. In this proof‐of‐concept study, we sequenced with PacBio High Fidelity (HiFi) reads long‐range amplicons (13.2 kb), encompassing the entire ACCase gene in pools of over 100 individuals, and resolved them into haplotypes using the clustering algorithm PacBio amplicon analysis (pbaa), a new application for pools in plants and other organisms. From these amplicon pools, we were able to recover most haplotypes from previously sequenced individuals of the same population. In addition, we analysed new pools from a Germany‐wide collection of A. myosuroides populations and found that TSR mutations originating from soft sweeps of independent origin were common. Forward‐in‐time simulations indicate that TSR haplotypes will persist for decades even at relatively low frequencies and without selection, highlighting the importance of accurate measurement of TSR haplotype prevalence for weed management.

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How hasAlopecurus myosuroidesresistance changed over the years?

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Enhanced metabolism causes reduced flufenacet sensitivity in black‐grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) field populations

Enhanced metabolism causes reduced flufenacet sensitivity in black‐grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) field populations

Molecular Mechanisms of Flufenacet Resistance in Grass Weeds

Deep haplotype analyses of target‐site resistance locus ACCase in blackgrass enabled by pool‐based amplicon sequencing

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