How human neuroblastoma cells make morphine

Abstract

Recently, our laboratory demonstrated that human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y

Independent elaboration of steroid hormone signaling pathways in metazoans

“…This indicates that the steroidogenic enzymes have evolved independently within each phylum, through lineagespecific duplications, and subsequent neofunctionalization. Such convergent evolution of synthesis pathways for complex molecules is not unique: examples include morphine synthesis in plants and animals (29) and gibberellin in plants and fungi (30).…”

Metabolomic biomarkers: search, discovery and validation

“…By contrast, the number of metabolites we know about in humans is continually climbing [15,73,74], albeit that there are many molecules considered or known to be produced by humans that are not yet in these databases (for one unexpected example, see [75], and for another recent one, see [76]). Some areas of metabolism, such as transmembrane transport and metabolic transactions involving metals, are especially poorly represented.…”

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Properties of New Codeine Fe(iii) Complex

“…Latest studies have unequivocally proven the existence of a mammalian morphine biosynthetic pathway [15], which consists of at least 19 steps and is different in its primary steps from that occurring in plants [16]. Meanwhile the endogenous morphine biosynthesis takes place in mammals, their cells and tissues are constantly exposed to certain amounts of morphine and its precursors [17].…”

“…Many different coordination compounds and the mechanism of cytotoxic action have been discussed with regard to the development of new antitumor agents [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Numerous medicinal plants have been screened extensively for their antimicrobial potential worldwide [1,11].…”