How important is green infrastructure in small and medium-sized towns? Lessons from South Africa

Shackleton, Charlie M.; Blair, A T M; Lacy, P. De; Kaoma, Humphrey; Mugwagwa, N.; Dalu, Mwazvita T.B.; Walton, William C.

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.12.007

Cited by 108 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Provides frequently used subsistence resources [37,39,42], (2). Acts as a coping strategy or safety net during times of misfortune, such as natural disasters or economic losses [81], (3). Offers savings of scarce cash income [20,21], (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Foraging: A Ubiquitous Human Practice Overlooked by Urban Planners, Policy, and Research

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Although hardly noticed or formally recognised, urban foraging by humans probably occurs in all urban settings around the world. We draw from research in India, South Africa, Sweden, and the United States to demonstrate the ubiquity and varied nature of urban foraging in different contexts. Across these different contexts, we distil seven themes that characterise and thereby advance thinking about research and the understanding of urban foraging. We show that it is widespread and occurs across a variety of urban spaces and places. The species used and the local practices vary between contexts, and are in constant flux as urban ecological and social settings change. This requires that urban foragers are knowledgeable about diverse species, harvest locations, and rights of access, and that their practices are adaptable to changing contexts. Despite its ubiquity, most cities have some forms of regulations that prohibit or discourage urban foraging. We highlight a few important exceptions that can provide prototypes and lessons for other cities regarding supportive policy frameworks and initiatives. The formulation of dynamic policy, design, and management strategies in support of urban foraging will benefit from understanding the common characteristics of foraging in cities worldwide, but also will require comprehension of the specific and dynamic contexts in which they would be implemented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Foraging: A Ubiquitous Human Practice Overlooked by Urban Planners, Policy, and Research

et al. 2017

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“…The green infrastructure issues are most often directly related to the built and industrial environment, and such beliefs are augmented by studies related to the perception of urban green zones (Shackleton et al, 2017). Moreover, it has been proved that urban green infrastructure can precipitate an increase in real estate prices, because the proximity of green zones or views of them in an urban environment is considered to be a great asset (Nazyddah Mat Nazir, 2015;Votsis, 2017).…”

Section: Integrated Coastal Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal Integrated Coastal Management Facilitation in Latvia: Piloting Public Multi-Thematical Monitoring

Pommere¹,

Osniece²,

Ieviņa³

et al. 2021

Regional Formation and Development Studies

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This paper contains a pilot study on coastal values and potential means of determining and characterising them in the terms of coastal planning and management. The research case study took place in the coastal region of North East Latvia -in the municipality of Salacgriva. The municipality coast is very diverse: coastal access, landscape and the whole biogeography is changing very much along the whole 54 km, being also rich in various natural and cultural heritage assets. Such great coastal variety in the limits of one administrative territory does require very selective governance approaches and dynamic management to be realized by local administration, which has very limited necessary capacities of all type, alike other rural coastal municipalities in Latvia. Also, there is very limited coastal information as well as assessment/interpretation capacities. All this requires mandatory development of municipal coastal monitoring and information/science-policy interface, to be based on general System Analysis Framework (SAF) application, first, on social-ecological system approach, and, second, including necessary developments of stakeholder participation and bottom-up governance approaches and, at the first, developing of the public monitoring (citizen science approach, e.g., Eco schools alike public representatives, etc.) capacities and methodologies. There has been developed an initial proposal for a new and multi-thematic coastal core area monitoring and governance tool. Coastal resources were assessed using a coastal value-based prioritisation tool, which generates knowledge of the mutual connection among various social-ecological resources/assets along the shore. During the study, data was collected along the municipal coastline taking into account the elements characterising the beach and shoreline landscape, as well as the distribution of invasive plant species, algae and plants washed up by the sea, as well as waste created by people along the coast. This data was subsequently collated, described, and combined with separate conclusions made based on beach visitors' interviews that were conducted along the entire Latvian coast as well as interviews of the Salacgriva municipality's main stakeholder groups. Information was also obtained from the analysis of documents seeking to facilitate development of a multi-thematic coastal value prioritisation tool and to distinguish coastal management priorities that can be set as proposals to coastal governments for developing a sustainable and more integrated coastal management background.

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“…A number of studies found that people were willing to pay a premium to increase the coverage of green areas [8,44,47,60,61] and to decrease the distance between household and green urban spaces [8,[11][12][13]43,44,60]. Additionally, a significant relationship was Atmosphere 2020, 11, 152 8 of 20 found between mental health and distance to GI; increasing distance to green urban areas was found to significantly decrease life satisfaction [60,62].…”

Section: Nature Within Reachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to Pay for Green Infrastructure in Residential Development—A Consumer Perspective

2020

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This paper investigates the literature and theoretical underpinning of the concept of "willingness to pay" (WTP) for green infrastructure (GI) with consequences for residential development. The benefits of GI in urban settlements include improved air quality, attenuation of the urban heat island, thermal insulation and lower energy bills for green roofs and walls, the creation of social amenity space, a habitat for biodiversity, and stormwater water attenuation. Collectively, these benefits are termed eco-system services and enhance sustainability. The role of GI, the "lungs of the planet", is heavily correlated to atmospheric conditions; high levels of GI improve air quality, which is acknowledged widely with many cities increasing GI to make them more resilient to future predicted challenges with respect to heat and poor air quality. In addition, there is evidence that the biophilia effect enhances human well-being. There are some studies claiming that purchasers pay a premium for property with good GI. However, there is little research about the process in consumers' minds leading to such a premium-if, how, when (under what circumstances), and then to what extent are consumers willing to pay for GI. This process, if better understood, may enable sellers or policy makers to influence the amounts of GI in developments, thus making it possible to enhance the value of GI to buyers. There is some research pointing to factors to be considered when modeling such processes. For developers, knowing the optimum amount of GI would enable them to design and construct developments with maximum purchaser appeal. To do this, stakeholders need to predict the level of WTP amongst potential purchasers for which they need to understand the decision processes behind WTP. In this way, sustainability in residential property development could be optimized. The paper analyzes the literature and theories concerning WTP, focusing on dwellings and GI. Our findings are that some quantitative evidence exists that purchasers pay more for residential property with high levels of GI in some cities, but they do so without any understanding of the possible decision processes leading to those premiums (if, how, when, and then to what extent). The paper proposes a comprehensive conceptual model that may explain buyers' WTP for a dwelling based on a presumed cost-benefit analysis performed by buyers, which has been extended here to include GI and psychological factors. Thus, the paper has a consumer perspective. The model may be used to select variables and test them in empirical studies, and by integrating with other factors in the model, it can attain a more comprehensive understanding of WTP for GI in residential development.

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How important is green infrastructure in small and medium-sized towns? Lessons from South Africa

Cited by 108 publications

References 42 publications

Urban Foraging: A Ubiquitous Human Practice Overlooked by Urban Planners, Policy, and Research

Urban Foraging: A Ubiquitous Human Practice Overlooked by Urban Planners, Policy, and Research

Municipal Integrated Coastal Management Facilitation in Latvia: Piloting Public Multi-Thematical Monitoring

Willingness to Pay for Green Infrastructure in Residential Development—A Consumer Perspective

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