How institutional quality, and energy production sources, affect the environmental sustainability of bri countries: A comparison of different income groups

Abstract

Institutions and energy production sources shape environmental policies and practices. Institutions establish frameworks for renewable energy and enforce environmental protection measures. Conventional energy sources cause pollution and climate change, while green energy sources have lower environmental impacts. In this study we analyzed how quality institutions, along with different types of energy production sources affect the quality of environment in 101 countries that are part of the BRI, a global development project. We used a statistical method called panel quantile regression to analyze data from 2000 to 2020. We found that producing energy from renewable sources, such as wind and solar, reduces CO2 emissions by 0.003% in BRI countries. However, producing energy from non-renewable sources, such as gas and coal, harms the environment more in high-income and middle-income countries. We also found that having better institutional quality reduces CO2 emissions by 3.421%, 2.710%, and 0.006% in different groups of BRI countries. This means that having stronger and fairer institutions can help protect the environment by limiting the use of non-renewable energy sources and encouraging the use of renewable ones. Our study suggests that improving institutional quality is a key factor for achieving green energy and environmental sustainability in BRI countries.

Cooking Energy Systems and their Effect on Environmental Sustainability in Dodoma, Tanzania: A Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) Synthesis

“…However, the transition to green and clean energy is not easy. It necessitates substantial research and development (R&D) and a well-developed economy (Sheng et al, 2023). This being the case, traditional biomass will continue to be the primary cooking energy source to the majority of the population, both in the rural and in the urban.…”

“…It is scientifically proven that extraction, production and utilization of energy execute serious environmental risks (Sheng, et al, 2023;Alem et al, 2016;Urmee & Gyamfi, 2014). The fact that energy utilization is ineviatable, efforts must be made to protect the environment from damage or rehabiliate the damaged areas with consideration to a series of cause-effect relationship that exists along the energy system.…”