How is letter position coding attained in scripts with position-dependent allography?

Yakup, Mahire; Abliz, Wayit; Sereno, Joan A.; Perea, Manuel

doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0621-6

Cited by 9 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This difference was not due to any potential peculiarities of the prime-target stimuli because a replication of the experiment with intermediate adult learners of Arabic (who did not know most of the words) revealed a transposed-letter priming effect regardless of the order of the root letters. Perea et al concluded that "the masked priming samedifferent task may be sensitive to factors above the level of letter representations" (p. 916; note, however, that Kinoshita et al, 2012, argued that these results reflected a confound with position-dependent allography; see Yakup, Abliz, Sereno, & Perea, 2014, for empirical evidence for a role of position-dependent allography in Arabic script).…”

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Non-cognate translation priming effects in the same–different task: evidence for the impact of “higher level” information

Lupker

Perea

Nakayama

2015

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience

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Norris and colleagues have proposed that priming effects observed in the masked prime same-different task are based solely on pre-lexical orthographic information. This proposal was evaluated by examining translation priming effects from non-cognate translation equivalents using both Spanish-English and Japanese-English bilinguals in the same-different task. Although no priming was observed for Spanish-English bilinguals, who also produced very little translation priming in a lexical decision task, significant priming was observed for Japanese-English bilinguals. These results indicate that, although most of the priming in the same-different task has an orthographic basis, other types of priming effects can emerge. Therefore, while the masked prime same-different task provides a good way of investigating the nature of orthographic coding, it, like the sandwich priming technique, can also be influenced by higher level information.

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confidence: 99%

Non-cognate translation priming effects in the same–different task: evidence for the impact of “higher level” information

Lupker

Perea

Nakayama

2015

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience

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“…Unfortunately, neither the naming task used by Friedmann and Haddad-Hanna (2012) with impaired individuals nor the RSVP task used by Yakup et al (2014) can inform the temporal locus of the obtained effects. The goal of the present experiments was to examine the impact of the ligation pattern on letter identity/ position during the early stages of visual-word recognition in an Arabic-Persian script (Uyghur).…”

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Extending models of visual-word recognition to semicursive scripts: Evidence from masked priming in Uyghur.

Yakup¹,

Abliz²,

Sereno³

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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One basic feature of the Arabic script is its semicursive style: some letters are connected to the next, but others are not, as in the Uyghur word [see text]/ya xʃi/ ("good"). None of the current orthographic coding schemes in models of visual-word recognition, which were created for the Roman script, assign a differential role to the coding of within letter "chunks" and between letter "chunks" in words in the Arabic script. To examine how letter identity/position is coded at the earliest stages of word processing in the Arabic script, we conducted 2 masked priming lexical decision experiments in Uyghur, an agglutinative Turkic language. The target word was preceded by an identical prime, by a transposed-letter nonword prime (that either kept the ligation pattern or did not), or by a 2-letter replacement nonword prime. Transposed-letter primes were as effective as identity primes when the letter transposition in the prime kept the same ligation pattern as the target word (e.g., [see text]/inta_jin/-/itna_jin/), but not when the transposed-letter prime didn't keep the ligation pattern (e.g., [see text]/so_w_ʁa_t/-/so_ʁw_a_t/). Furthermore, replacement-letter primes were more effective when they kept the ligation pattern of the target word than when they did not (e.g., [see text]/so_d_ʧa_t/-/so_w_ʁa_t/ faster than [see text]/so_ʧd_a_t/-/so_w_ʁa_t/). We examined how input coding schemes could be extended to deal with the intricacies of semicursive scripts.

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“…It has been pointed out in mono‐linguistic studies of adult readers that specific characteristics of the orthography affect the size (or even the presence) of the TL effect (e.g. the subsyllabic structure of the Korean hangul script, see Lee & Taft, , ; the position‐dependent allography of the Arabic‐based Uyghur script, see Yakup, Abliz, Sereno & Perea, ; the distribution of transitional probabilities of root‐derived words in Semitic languages, see Perea, Gatt, Moret‐Tatay & Fabri, ). These results clearly support the view that between‐orthography differences do modulate the optimal manner of lexical access, and the orthographic system adapts to these differences even at the level of position encoding.…”

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confidence: 99%

Adaptive specialization in position encoding while learning to read

Tóth

Csépe

2016

Developmental Science

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The present experiments focused on how orthographic processing develops during reading acquisition. Specifically, a large, cross-sectional sample of children from grade 2 to grade 4 was exposed to pairs of words, pseudowords, digit strings, and pseudo-letter (Armenian) strings while their sensitivity to transpositions (T) and substitutions (S) of internal characters was investigated in a perceptual matching task. The results showed that the development of identity and position decoding diverged between the four stimulus categories. Most importantly, sensitivity improved with longer exposure to formal education and higher reading level to both S and T pairs for digit strings, but only to S pairs for words and pseudowords. The results were successfully reproduced in two small independent samples. We propose a general framework, the Adaptive Specialization Hypothesis, to accommodate the results. According to this hypothesis, the transposed-letter effect is not a hard-wired feature of the orthographic processing system but an adaptive response of the developing orthographic system to the constraints of lexical access in several orthographies.

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How is letter position coding attained in scripts with position-dependent allography?

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Non-cognate translation priming effects in the same–different task: evidence for the impact of “higher level” information

Non-cognate translation priming effects in the same–different task: evidence for the impact of “higher level” information

Extending models of visual-word recognition to semicursive scripts: Evidence from masked priming in Uyghur.

Adaptive specialization in position encoding while learning to read

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