How jet is formed: An organic geochemical approach using pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Kool, Johan; Poole, Imogen; Bergen, Pim F. van

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.03.005

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Kelly, 2002)). Jet is a wood-derived material that is black, resembles obsidian (glassy appearance) and has little or no cellular structure (Kool et al, 2009). Kool et al (2009) argued that jetification occurred when wood that had been partially buried was re-exposed in humid, light, oxygen-rich conditions and underwent chemical changes yielding extra linkages between phenolic compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jet is a wood-derived material that is black, resembles obsidian (glassy appearance) and has little or no cellular structure (Kool et al, 2009). Kool et al (2009) argued that jetification occurred when wood that had been partially buried was re-exposed in humid, light, oxygen-rich conditions and underwent chemical changes yielding extra linkages between phenolic compounds. An alternative hypothesis for vitrification in archaeological charcoals could therefore be that jetification occurred in archaeological woods producing an almost homogeneous structure with glassy appearance prior to charring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is vitrification in charcoal a result of high temperature burning of wood?

McParland

Collinson

Scott

et al. 2010

Journal of Archaeological Science

105

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is vitrification in charcoal a result of high temperature burning of wood?

McParland

Collinson

Scott

et al. 2010

Journal of Archaeological Science

105

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“…Some jet and 'jet-like' materials may also show structure (e.g. Kool et al, 2009), as may cannel coals which originate as layer by layer accumulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark materials: Pre-Columbian black lithic carvings from St Vincent and the wider Caribbean

Brock

Ostapkowicz

Collinson

et al. 2020

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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A small number of pre-Columbian black lithic carvings are known to have been found at archaeological sites across the Caribbean, as well as in parts of neighbouring mainland South America. The identity of the material used to create these artefacts is often unknown, but suggestions include lignite, wood, petrified wood, manja(c)k, jet (or 'jet-like' materials) and hardened asphalt.These identifications are often historical and lacking any scientific basis, and as such can be unreliable. However, identification of the material has the potential to inform on the source of the carving and thereby pre-Columbian trade routes within the circum-Caribbean region. Four analytical techniques (reflectance microscopy, FTIR, Py-GC/MS, x-ray fluorescence) were applied to samples taken from two carvings found on St Vincent and five comparative materials. Both artefacts were found to be most likely to be carved from cannel coal, indicating that they originated in South American (where cannel coal is found extensively in locations in Colombia and Venezuela), as the material is not found within the Caribbean region.

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Petrographical properties of a semi-precious coaly stone, Oltu stone, from eastern Turkey

Toprak

2013

International Journal of Coal Geology

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How jet is formed: An organic geochemical approach using pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Is vitrification in charcoal a result of high temperature burning of wood?

Is vitrification in charcoal a result of high temperature burning of wood?

Dark materials: Pre-Columbian black lithic carvings from St Vincent and the wider Caribbean

Petrographical properties of a semi-precious coaly stone, Oltu stone, from eastern Turkey

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