How macro level foundations influence emerging micro entrepreneurial activities: The case of South Africa

Abstract

The importance of macro conditions for creating an environment conducive for startups to establish themselves and grow is emphasised. This paper considers the influence of two sets of macro foundations, domestic ecosystems and entrepreneurial networks as well as entrepreneurship education and research, on perceived emerging micro entrepreneurial activity. We show that the domestic ecosystem affects entrepreneurial networks, and together with entrepreneurship education, they have an impact on emerging entrepreneurial activity. Macro entrepreneurial factors also drive emerging entrepreneurial activity directly, and these relationships call for more research.

China’s technological footprint in Africa: A patent network analysis

“…Furthermore, the situation in emerging economies like South Africa illustrates these nations' multifaceted challenges in the global economic arena. Economic volatility, political instability and constrained access to credit and infrastructure critically shape the landscape for technological innovation and entrepreneurship (Robina-Ramírez & Human, 2020). When viewed with the overarching global dynamics of IPRs and GVCs, these local conditions underscore the complex hurdles emerging economies encounter in their efforts to participate effectively in the worldwide market.…”