How many fast-charging stations do we need along European highways?

Jochem, Patrick; Szimba, Eckhard; Reuter-Oppermann, Melanie

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2019.06.005

Cited by 75 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The research on fast chargers have mainly focused on the technical design of the vehicle and the integration with and interface to the electricity network [8,9], the needs of users [6,[10][11][12], the optimum positioning and number of chargers needed to support the flow of vehicle [6,10,[13][14][15], cold/warm weather effects [16][17][18][19][20][21], and the use of fast chargers [6,10,11]. Few have however analyzed in depth the actual usage of fast chargers at a national scale for longer time periods, based on datasets from the fast charge operators.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climatic Effects, i.e., the influence on the vehicles energy consumption SOC and battery temperature of the ambient temperature and the use of winter tires and cabin heating or cooling [3][4][5]7,[16][17][18][19][20][21]24,25]; 4. Network Effects, i.e., how the total charging network offers and the number of other users influence the charge process, and how users need for charging co-varies over time with the risk of charge queues building up, and how charger location and availability of services at the location influence charger use and charge session results [3][4][5][6]10,[13][14][15][27][28][29][30][31]. These four parameters influence the user perception of the charging process, and thus the quality of life with a BEV in general [3][4][5].…”

Section: Framework Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Battery Electric Vehicle Fast Charging–Evidence from the Norwegian Market

Figenbaum

2020

WEVJ

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Norway is the largest Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) market in the world per capita. The share of the passenger vehicle fleet passed 9.4% at the end of 2019, and users have access to 1500 Combined Charging System (CCS)/Chademo standard fast chargers located in more than 500 different locations. This paper analyses the usage pattern of these fast chargers using a dataset from two large operators covering most of their charging events between Q1 2016 and Q1 2018. The target of the analysis was to understand the fundamental factors that drive the demand for fast charging and influences the user experience, so that they can be taken into account when dimensioning charge facilities, and when designing vehicles. The data displays clear variations in charge power, charge time and charged energy between winter and summer, and a large spread of results due to the BEV models different technical characteristics. The charge power is clearly reduced in the winter compared to the summer, while the charge time is longer. Some charge events have a particularly low charge power which may be due to users fast charging a cold battery at a high State of Charge (SOC) in a vehicle with passive battery thermal management.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Framework Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery Electric Vehicle Fast Charging–Evidence from the Norwegian Market

Figenbaum

2020

WEVJ

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“…Both models were aimed to reduce social costs without risking the service capacity. A recent paper was presented by authors of [23], considering the problem of locating fast-charging EVS to the European highway network of France, Germany, the Benelux countries, Switzerland, Austria, Denmark, the Czech Republic, and Poland. Passenger car trips in Europe data were solved by efficient flow-refueling location model.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model for determining the locations of electric charge stations in Istanbul

Daşcıoğlu¹,

Tuzkaya²,

Kılıç³

2019

Pamukkale J Eng Sci

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ÖzThe studies about Electric Vehicles (EV) have gained importance and increased in the last years depending on the environmental concerns of the classic transportation systems. One of the problems to consider at this point is locating the proper points of electric charging stations for EVs. The primary objective of this research is to locate the electric charging stations in Istanbul considering the flow of the paths. The locations of electric charging stations are determined by using a mathematical model based on the flow-refuelling location model with the aim of maximizing the captured flow. The mathematical model is run for various values of "p" and the optimum locations are obtained.Klasik ulaştırma sistemlerinin çevresel kaygıları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, elektrikli araçlarla (EA) ilgili çalışmalar önem kazanmış ve son yıllarda sayıca artmıştır. Bu noktada ele alınması gereken sorunlardan biri EA'lar için şarj istasyonlarının uygun yerlerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, İstanbul'daki elektrik şarj istasyonlarına ilişkin en uygun konumları yolların akışını değerlendirmeye alarak bulmaktır. Şarj istasyonlarının konumları, yolların kapsanan akışını maksimize etmeyi amaçlayan akış-yakıt ikmal lokasyon modeline dayanan bir model kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Matematiksel model farklı "p" değerli için çözülmüş ve en iyi lokasyonlar belirlenmiştir.

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“…Electric road infrastructure and its challenges, in general, are discussed in [10]. The required number of fast-charging stations for the European highway system has also been studied [11], like that of the German autobahn network [12]. Information on wireless power transfer (WPT) technology and inductive charging can be found, e.g., in [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the papers proposes break-even tariff information [17]. The profitability of fast-charging stations along highways was studied in [11]. Charging infrastructure business models have been considered in [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Corridor-Based Approach to Estimating the Costs of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure on Highways

Suomalainen

Colet

2019

WEVJ

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One of the barriers holding back the large-scale development of electric vehicles is underdeveloped charging infrastructure. The optimal location of charging stations has received much attention, whereas the development of charging infrastructure over time and its economic implications remain a less explored topic, especially in the context of dynamic inductive charging. This work compares the infrastructure costs for two electric vehicle charging solutions deployed on highways: fast-charging stations and a dynamic charging lane based on wireless inductive charging technology. The deployment costs are estimated using a simplified infrastructure model for a highway corridor. The model first defines the required charging capacity based on projected future demand, sizes the charging infrastructure, and then determines the related costs, revenues, and net present value. A numerical example based on the French highway context is also presented. The results show that the payback period is much longer for dynamic charging lanes that for charging stations. In addition, the charging lane infrastructure cannot be installed gradually over time but requires a major investment from the start while bringing in little revenue early on.

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How many fast-charging stations do we need along European highways?

Cited by 75 publications

References 38 publications

Battery Electric Vehicle Fast Charging–Evidence from the Norwegian Market

Battery Electric Vehicle Fast Charging–Evidence from the Norwegian Market

A model for determining the locations of electric charge stations in Istanbul

A Corridor-Based Approach to Estimating the Costs of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure on Highways

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